为明确研究区煤矿废弃地的优势植物物种,筛选适合用于生态修复的植物种类,采用野外实地勘察和样方法等生态学手段,调查了该煤矿废弃地自然定居的植物种类及原生植被类型。结果表明,研究区煤矿废弃地上自然定居的植物共有19种,其中菊科和藜科最多,分别占总种数的21.05%;生活型方面,灌木植物种数最多,占总种数的52.63%。红花多枝柽柳和黑果枸杞的相对密度和盖度较高,这两种植物在该区域分布较广,在地表覆盖方面占据主导地位。红花多枝柽柳和花花柴分别在灌木和草本样方中的重要值最高,对该区域生态系统恢复和重建发挥着重要作用,在研究区煤矿废弃地开展生态修复工作时可优先选用上述物种。
In oder to determine the dominant plant species and select suitable plant species for ecological restoration, the study area of coal mine wasteland was investigated using field surveys and ecological sampling methods to identify the naturally settled plant species and types of native vegetation. The results indicated that a total of 19 plant species had naturally settled on the coal mine wasteland in the study area, with the largest number of species belonging to the Compositae and Chenopodiaceae families, accounting for 21.05% of the total species, respectively. In terms of life forms, shrub species were the most numerous, making up 52.63% of the total species. Tamarix hohenackeri and Lycium ruthenicum had higher relative density and coverage, and these two species were widely distributed in the area, dominating the surface coverage. Tamarix hohenackeri and Karelinia caspia had the highest importance values in shrub and herbaceous quadrats, respectively, playing a significant role in the restoration and reconstruction of the regional ecosystem. These species can be prioritized for ecological restoration of coal mine wasteland in the study area.
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