为明确耕地土壤肥力变化特征,进一步提升地力,本文基于1984年第二次土壤普查和2010—2022年20个长期定位监测点的土壤养分主要指标监测数据,分析了该地区耕地有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量动态变化情况。结果表明,2010—2022年监测点土壤有机质平均含量17.82~21.70 g/kg,碱解氮平均含量91.9~138.9 mg/kg,速效磷平均含量18.68~32.13 mg/kg和速效钾平均含量183~230 mg/kg;近13年监测点土壤有机质和碱解氮含量整体呈波动上升趋势,速效磷平均含量呈缓慢下降后逐渐平稳趋势,速效钾平均含量呈波动变化并保持相对平稳趋势,土壤总体养分趋于平衡,土壤整体肥力水平保持上升趋势。

To clarify the characteristics of soil fertility changes in the cultivated land, and to further enhance soil productivity, the dynamic changes of comprehensive evaluation indicators of cultivated land were analyzed, including organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, based on the monitoring data of main soil nutrient indicators from the second soil survey in 1984 and 20 long-term monitoring sites from 2010 to 2022. The results indicated that from 2010 to 2022, the soil organic matter content ranged from 17.82 to 21.70 g/kg, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content varied from 91.9 to 138.9 mg/kg, the average available phosphorus content ranged from 18.68 to 32.13 mg/kg, and the average available potassium content varied from 183 to 230 mg/kg at the monitoring sites. Over the past 13 years, the soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents at the monitoring sites showed an overall trend of fluctuating increase, the average available phosphorus content exhibited a slow decline followed by a gradual stabilization trend, and the average available potassium content showed fluctuating changes while maintaining a relatively stable trend. The overall soil nutrient levels tended towards balance, and the overall soil fertility level maintained a continuous upward trend.