1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地点及材料
1.2 试验设计
1.3 测定项目与方法
1.3.1 农艺性状记载
1.3.2 经济性状测定
1.3.3 化学成分测定
1.3.4 烟叶感官评价
1.4 数据分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 对农艺性状的影响
2.1.1 株高
表1 叶片结构优化对株高的影响 (cm) |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 株高 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 旺长期 | 成熟期 | ||
| A | T1(CK) | 84.2 a | 112.8 a |
| T2 | 86.1 a | 115.5 a | |
| B | T1(CK) | 85.6 a | 114.8 a |
| T2 | 87.4 a | 117.3 a | |
| C | T1(CK) | 80.2 a | 111.6 a |
| T2 | 83.4 a | 114.3 a | |
| D | T1(CK) | 82.9 a | 113.1 a |
| T2 | 85.5 a | 115.5 a | |
| E | T1(CK) | 84.6 a | 112.4 a |
| T2 | 87.7 a | 115.5 a | |
|
2.1.2 叶长
表2 叶片结构优化对叶长的影响 (cm) |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 叶长 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 旺长期 | 成熟期 | ||
| A | T1(CK) | 62.8 a | 64.8 a |
| T2 | 63.5 a | 65.7 a | |
| B | T1(CK) | 62.1 a | 64.3 a |
| T2 | 64.2 a | 64.6 a | |
| C | T1(CK) | 61.9 a | 63.9 a |
| T2 | 63.2 a | 64.5 a | |
| D | T1(CK) | 62.6 a | 63.8 a |
| T2 | 62.2 a | 64.7 a | |
| E | T1(CK) | 62.7 a | 63.8 a |
| T2 | 64.5 a | 65.4 a | |
2.1.3 叶宽
表3 叶片结构优化对叶宽的影响 (cm) |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 叶宽 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 旺长期 | 成熟期 | ||
| A | T1(CK) | 28.7 a | 31.8 a |
| T2 | 29.6 a | 32.4 a | |
| B | T1(CK) | 28.3 a | 32.1 a |
| T2 | 30.3 a | 33.5 a | |
| C | T1(CK) | 29.1 a | 31.5 a |
| T2 | 29.6 a | 32.5 a | |
| D | T1(CK) | 28.4 a | 32.3 a |
| T2 | 28.8 a | 33.1 a | |
| E | T1(CK) | 29.7 a | 32.7 a |
| T2 | 30.5 a | 33.4 a | |
2.2 对烟叶产量和产值的影响
表4 叶片结构优化对烟叶产量和产值的影响 |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 产量/(kg/hm2) | 产值/(元/hm2) | 均价/(元/kg) | 中等烟比例/% | 上等烟比例/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | T1(CK) | 2 691.00 ab | 65 313.07 b | 24.27 b | 47.55 a | 45.98 bc |
| T2 | 2 625.00 ab | 77 650.23 a | 27.64 a | 39.33 b | 55.87 a | |
| B | T1(CK) | 2 754.78 ab | 68 501.60 ab | 24.87 b | 47.58 a | 44.95 c |
| T2 | 2 616.45 b | 73 981.40 a | 27.35 a | 39.04 b | 57.31 ab | |
| C | T1(CK) | 2 567.97 b | 64 612.74 b | 25.16 b | 32.41 b | 61.90 a |
| T2 | 2 665.35 ab | 71 595.19 a | 26.86 ab | 47.04 a | 49.11 bc | |
| D | T1(CK) | 2 400.00 b | 59 947.71 b | 24.98 b | 38.91 b | 56.63 ab |
| T2 | 2 625.00 ab | 70 513.11 a | 27.03 a | 45.69 a | 50.53 ab | |
| E | T1(CK) | 2 850.00 a | 70 025.11 ab | 24.57 b | 50.76 a | 43.73 c |
| T2 | 2 625.00 ab | 70 171.81 ab | 26.73 a | 41.34 b | 54.69 b |
|
2.3 对烟叶化学成分的影响
表5 叶片结构优化对中部叶(C3L)化学成分的影响 |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 烟碱含量/% | 氯离子含量/% | 总糖含量/% | 还原糖含量/% | 钾离子含量/% | 糖碱比 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | T1(CK) | 1.33 | 0.52 | 34.90 | 30.50 | 1.40 | 22.93 |
| T2 | 1.43 | 0.38 | 36.50 | 30.20 | 1.50 | 21.11 | |
| B | T1(CK) | 1.35 | 0.54 | 39.20 | 30.70 | 1.41 | 22.74 |
| T2 | 1.32 | 0.31 | 38.70 | 31.10 | 1.43 | 23.56 | |
| C | T1(CK) | 1.24 | 0.52 | 34.70 | 30.40 | 1.40 | 24.51 |
| T2 | 1.25 | 0.38 | 39.01 | 34.60 | 1.45 | 27.68 | |
| D | T1(CK) | 1.19 | 0.42 | 37.20 | 30.10 | 1.36 | 25.29 |
| T2 | 1.28 | 0.45 | 37.95 | 30.03 | 1.33 | 27.72 | |
| E | T1(CK) | 1.34 | 0.41 | 33.02 | 30.42 | 1.51 | 22.70 |
| T2 | 1.45 | 0.36 | 33.21 | 31.30 | 1.53 | 23.46 |
表6 叶片结构优化对上部叶(B2F)化学成分的影响 |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 烟碱含量/% | 氯离子含量/% | 总糖含量/% | 还原糖含量/% | 钾离子含量/% | 糖碱比 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | T1(CK) | 1.60 | 0.36 | 38.80 | 26.1 | 1.06 | 16.30 |
| T2 | 1.83 | 0.48 | 39.30 | 26.7 | 1.47 | 14.59 | |
| B | T1(CK) | 1.57 | 0.49 | 39.10 | 29.6 | 1.51 | 18.85 |
| T2 | 1.62 | 0.51 | 42.90 | 31.3 | 1.52 | 19.32 | |
| C | T1(CK) | 1.60 | 0.41 | 38.31 | 30.4 | 1.45 | 19.00 |
| T2 | 1.68 | 0.38 | 39.66 | 32.3 | 1.46 | 18.09 | |
| D | T1(CK) | 1.61 | 0.35 | 38.90 | 34.3 | 1.27 | 21.43 |
| T2 | 1.64 | 0.30 | 38.40 | 34.1 | 1.32 | 19.22 | |
| E | T1(CK) | 1.62 | 0.39 | 40.40 | 30.7 | 1.30 | 18.95 |
| T2 | 1.58 | 0.53 | 42.80 | 28.5 | 1.36 | 20.79 |
2.4 对烟叶感官评价的影响
表7 叶片结构优化的中部叶(C3L)感官评价 (分) |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 香气质 | 香气量 | 香型 | 浓度 | 劲头 | 杂气 | 刺激性 | 余味 | 燃烧性 | 灰分 | 总分 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | T1(CK) | 6.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.3 |
| T2 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 58.9 | |
| B | T1(CK) | 7.0 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.9 |
| T2 | 7.4 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 59.0 | |
| C | T1(CK) | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.0 |
| T2 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 58.0 | |
| D | T1(CK) | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.0 |
| T2 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.4 | |
| E | T1(CK) | 7.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 56.0 |
| T2 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.4 |
表8 叶片结构优化的上部叶(B2F)感官评价 (分) |
| 试验点 | 处理 | 香气质 | 香气量 | 香型 | 浓度 | 劲头 | 杂气 | 刺激性 | 余味 | 燃烧性 | 灰分 | 总分 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | T1(CK) | 7.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.0. | 6.5 | 6.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 56.8 |
| T2 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 58.0 | |
| B | T1(CK) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 53.0 |
| T2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0. | 6.0 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 54.1 | |
| C | T1(CK) | 7.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 56.3 |
| T2 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 58.8 | |
| D | T1(CK) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 53.3 |
| T2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0. | 5.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 53.6 | |
| E | T1(CK) | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 57.0 |
| T2 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 58.6 |