安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 28 - 32
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.007
淮北地区石榴提质增效关键技术
|
朱军(1974—),男,安徽濉溪人,高级农艺师,从事果树技术研究与推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-11-10
网络出版日期: 2025-02-13
Key technologies for improving quality and efficiency of pomegranate in Huaibei region
Received date: 2024-11-10
Online published: 2025-02-13
本研究基于淮北地区石榴生产实践,总结分析了其提质增效关键技术。包括选择品质优、抗性好、丰产且稳产的新优品种进行嫁接;根据不同树龄要求进行疏剪、短剪和缩剪等整形修剪,以优化树体结构,保持树势平衡;花果管理包括配置授粉树,保花保果、疏花疏果和果实套袋等;施肥以基肥为主、追肥为辅,有机肥为主、化肥为辅,同时根据石榴树生长情况适当施用微量元素肥料;采取穴灌、沟灌和畦灌等方式灌好萌芽水、花前水、催果水和封冻水;在树盘下或果树行间的土壤表面,覆盖厚10 cm左右的杂草或秸秆等,以改善土壤生态环境;综合应用农业防治、物理防治、生物防治和化学防治等措施,有效防控干腐病、桃蛀螟和蚜虫等病虫害。本文为促进淮北及相关地区石榴提质增效,以及相关产业可持续发展提供参考。
朱军 . 淮北地区石榴提质增效关键技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(3) : 28 -32 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.007
Based on the production practice of pomegranate in the Huaibei region, the key technologies for improving the quality and efficiency of its were summarized and analyzed. Including selecting high-quality, resistant, high-yield, and stable new varieties for grafting. According to different tree age requirements, pruning such as thinning, shortening, and shrinking should be carried out to optimize the tree structure and maintain tree balance. Flower and fruit management includes configuring pollination trees, preserving flowers and fruits, thinning flowers and fruits, and bagging fruits. Fertilization was mainly based on base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer; at the same time, trace fertilizer were appropriately applied according to the growth of pomegranate trees. Adopt methods such as hole irrigation, furrow irrigation, and border irrigation to irrigate the germination water, pre flowering water, fruit ripening water, and frozen water. Cover the soil surface under tree trays or between rows of fruit trees with weeds or straw about 10 cm thick to improve the soil ecological environment. Comprehensive application of agricultural control, physical control, biological control, and chemical control measures to effectively prevent and control pests and diseases such as dry rot, Dichocrocis punctiferalis, and aphid. This article provides reference for promoting the improvement of pomegranate quality and efficiency in Huaibei and related areas, as well as the sustainable development of related industries.
| 1 |
陈利娜,敬丹,唐丽颖,等. 新中国果树科学研究70年:石榴[J]. 果树学报,2019,36(10):1389-1398.
|
| 2 |
张明师. 淮北地区石榴高产优质栽培技术[J]. 农民致富之友,2017(4):185,247.
|
| 3 |
王兆东. 软籽石榴高产高效种植管理[J]. 云南农业,2023(7):54-56.
|
| 4 |
王和绥. 怀远石榴高产栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报,2019,25(16):51-52.
|
| 5 |
朱军. 石榴新品种塔山软籽的特征特性及栽培要点[J]. 安徽农学通报,2018,24(8):5,68.
|
| 6 |
秦改花,刘春燕,徐义流. 石榴新品种酥籽[J]. 农村百事通,2022(8):30.
|
| 7 |
秦改花,刘春燕,黎积誉,等. 石榴新品种‘妃红’[J]. 园艺学报,2022():37-38.
|
| 8 |
蒋建声,张静,吴婷,等. 葡萄高位嫁接技术要点[J]. 果农之友,2023(6):26-28,34.
|
| 9 |
张洪铭,严翔,彭龙,等. 高接换种切接法与腹接法的效果比较[J]. 现代园艺,2020(7):14,17.
|
| 10 |
姬明,王庆军. 石榴花果管理关键技术[J]. 果树实用技术与信息,2024(9):7-8.
|
| 11 |
司守霞,牛娟,陈利娜,等. 不同药剂对石榴可育花比率及产量和品质的影响[J]. 西北林学院学报,2017,32(4):111-116.
|
| 12 |
王洁萍,兰兴利,范育红,等. 石榴秋冬季管理技术要点[J]. 果树资源学报,2022(6):71-72,74.
|
| 13 |
秦改花,贾波涛,苏颖,等. 不同滤光袋对石榴果实日灼及品质的影响[J]. 热带作物学报,2023,44(8):1704-1712.
|
| 14 |
肖莉娟,张冬冬,马江平. 生草覆盖对枣园生态环境的影响[J]. 新疆农业科技,2024(4):29-31.
|
| 15 |
李好先,陈金德,骆翔,等. 适宜于南北方的软籽石榴高效栽培技术[J]. 果农之友,2020(10):22-24.
|
| 16 |
向芳. 苍溪县运山镇果园内秸秆直接覆盖技术[J]. 现代农村科技,2024(9):105-106.
|
| 17 |
于爱民. 果园秸秆覆盖的效果及方法[J]. 中国园艺文摘,2014,30(9):193-194.
|
| 18 |
李艳. 软籽石榴优质丰产栽培技术[J]. 果树实用技术与信息,2024(9):9-13.
|
| 19 |
贾波涛,秦改花,黎积誉,等. 黄色粘虫板对石榴园害虫的诱捕效果[J]. 落叶果树,2021,53(2):48-50.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |