安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 33 - 37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.008
潭碧冬瓜高产栽培技术
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方寿山(1976—),男,广东开平人,农艺师,从事农作物栽培及新品种、新技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-11-12
网络出版日期: 2025-02-13
High-yield cultivation techniques of Tanbi wax gourd
Received date: 2024-11-12
Online published: 2025-02-13
潭碧冬瓜近球状,平均单瓜重约3 kg,形似有三分瓣;其肉质致密,口感清甜爽脆,少瓤厚肉且耐贮藏,具有较高的食用和药用价值。本文结合该作物生产实践,总结分析了其高产栽培技术。播种育苗方面,采取药剂浸种催芽、配制营养土、加强水分管理和病虫害防治等措施,以培育矮壮秧苗;移苗定植前需调节栽植地块土壤pH、基施腐熟农家肥,于幼苗2片子叶饱满且真叶未展开前移植壮苗;水肥管理方面,施足基肥,适时追施坐果肥,幼苗期保持瓜地湿润,生长期进行沟灌水,开花至坐果期控制田间水分;田间管理包括搭人字架引蔓和绑蔓,辅助授粉和留瓜等;病虫害防治方面,采用农业防治、物理防治和化学防治等综合防治措施,适时防治蚜虫、白粉虱、白粉病和炭疽病等病虫害;采收贮运方面,一般在果实成熟30 d后,于晴朗、无露水的早晨收获,贮存运输时需保持场所及工具清洁、无污染。本文为该作物的高产栽培,以及进一步促进相关产业发展提供参考。
方寿山 . 潭碧冬瓜高产栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(3) : 33 -37 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.008
Tanbi wax gourd is nearly spherical in shape, with an average weight of about 3 kg per individual, resembling a three lobed structure; its fresh is dense, sweet and crisp, less thick flesh and storage resistance, has high edible and medicinal value. The high-yield cultivation techniques of this crop were summarized and analyzed based on its production practice. In terms of sowing and seedling cultivation, measures such as soaking seeds to promote germination, preparing nutrient soil, strengthening water management, and diseases and pests control were taken to cultivate short and strong seedlings. Before transplanting and planting, it was necessary to adjust the soil pH of the planting site and apply mature farmyard manure; strong seedlings should be transplanted before the leaves of two seedlings were full and the true leaves were not fully developed. In terms of water and fertilizer management, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied, and fruit setting fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner. The melon field should be kept moist during the seedling stage, irrigated during the growth stage, and the field water should be controlled from flowering to fruit setting stage. Field management included setting up trellises to guide and tie vines, assisting with pollination, and retaining melons. In terms of disease and pest control, comprehensive measures such as agricultural control, physical control, and chemical control were adopted to timely prevent and control diseases and pests such as aphids, whitefly, powdery mildew, anthracnose, and others. In terms of harvesting, storage, and transportation, the fruit was usually harvested after 30 days of maturity on a clear, dew-free morning; during storage and transportation, the site and tools should be kept clean and free of pollution. This article provides a reference for the high-yield cultivation of this plant and further promoting the development of related industries.
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