安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 99 - 102
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.022
香榧常见病虫害及防治技术
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周剑(1981—),男,安徽宁国人,工程师,从事森林病虫害防治工作。 |
Copy editor: 吴思文
收稿日期: 2024-11-08
网络出版日期: 2025-02-13
Common diseases and pests of Torreya grandis and their control techniques
Received date: 2024-11-08
Online published: 2025-02-13
香榧具有较高的应用价值,本研究对其主要病虫害进行分析,从农业防治、物理防治、药剂防治和生物防治方面提出防治策略。该作物病害主要包括细菌性褐腐病、紫色根腐病、疫病和苗木立枯病等,虫害主要包括等翅目、直翅目、同翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目和鳞翅目等,等翅目病害包括白蚁科的黑翅土白蚁(Odontotermes ormosanus)、黄翅大白蚁(Macrotermes barneyi);直翅目虫害包括蝗科的短额负蝗(Atractomorpha sinensis)和蝼蛄科的东方蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa orientalis)等;同翅目虫害包括碧蛾蜡蝉(Geisha distinctissima)、中华象蜡蝉(Dictyophara sinica)和大青叶蝉(Cicadella viridis)等;半翅目虫害包括突背斑红蝽(Physopelta gutta)、麻皮蝽(Erthesina fullo)和香榧硕丽盲蝽(Macrolygus torreyae)等;鞘翅目虫害包括桑天牛(Apriona germari)等;鳞翅目虫害包括香榧细小卷蛾(Lepteucosma torreyae)等。为降低病虫害对该植物生长的影响,应结合病虫害实际情况采取相应的防治措施,包括选用抗病品种、清理杂草和水分管理等农业措施,涂白剂、杀虫灯等物理措施,施用甲基托布津、多菌灵和苯菌脲等药剂的化学措施,引入蜘蛛、瓢虫和蜂鸟等天敌的生物措施。在香榧病虫害防治中,注意合理选择防治措施,实现其病虫害防治效果的全面提升。本文为香榧病虫害防治和高效利用提供参考。
周剑 . 香榧常见病虫害及防治技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(3) : 99 -102 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.03.022
Torreya grandis had high application, its main diseases and pests were investigated. The control strategies of agricultural control, physical control, chemical control, and biological control were put forward. Diseases mainly included Erwinia carotovora, Helicobasidium compacum, Endothia parasitia, and Pythium ultinum, etc. Insect pests mainly included Isoptera, Orthoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and lepidoptera. Isoptera diseases included Odontotermes ormosanus and Macrotermes barneyi of termite family. The pests of Orthoptera included Atractomorpha sinensis and Gryllotalpa orientalis of Gryllotalpa. Homoptera pests included Geisha distinctissima, Dictyophara sinica and Cicadella viridis. Hemiptera pests included Physopelta gutta, Erthesina fullo, and Macrolygus torreyae; Coleoptera pests included Apriena germari; Lepidoptera pests included Lepteucosma torreyae. To reduce the impact of diseases and pests on the growth of Torreya grandis, corresponding control measures should be taken according to the actual situation of diseases and pests, including agricultural measures such as selection of disease-resistant varieties, cleaning weeds and water management, physical measures such as white agent and insecticidal lamp, the chemical measures of using pesticides such as methylthiophanate, carbendazim, and benomyl urea, and the biological measures of introducing natural enemies such as spiders, ladybugs, and hummingbirds. In Torreya grandis diseases and pests control, attention should be paid to reasonable selection of control measures to achieve comprehensive improvement of Torreya grandis pests control effects. The research results provide references for the diseases and pests control and efficient use of Torreya grandis.
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