安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 26 - 29
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.04.006
旱地抗旱稻种植表现及其“稻+菜”轮作栽培技术
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黄惠勇(1979—),男,福建惠安人,农艺师,从事农业种植技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-11-30
网络出版日期: 2025-02-28
Performance and “rice+vegetable” rotation cultivation techniques of drought resistant rice in dry land
Received date: 2024-11-30
Online published: 2025-02-28
本文结合抗旱稻品种旱优73在福建厦门惠安县东桥镇东湖生产基地的规模种植表现,总结分析了旱地“稻+菜”水旱轮作栽培技术及其优势。该品种在研究区进行“稻+菜”轮作种植,全生育期约128 d,抗白叶枯病和稻瘟病,抗旱性较好;水稻干谷产量7 542.75 kg/hm2。旱作栽培技术包括整地、施基肥和旋耕;拌种或育秧后,进行直播或无水机插秧;按照插秧机轮子行走路线进行田间微喷灌管带布设;出苗后浇好返青水、分蘖水和抽穗灌浆水,以提高秧苗质量和水稻结实率;根据田间苗情,追施分蘖肥、拔节肥和孕穗肥,以培育壮秧;旱地草害较水田多,一般采取封闭除草为主、化学药剂扑杀为辅和人工拔除补救等措施进行防治;根据当地病虫害测报信息,及时防治纹枯病、稻飞虱等病虫害。应用旱地“稻+菜”水旱规模轮作模式和旱地无水机插秧等技术,具有省工降耗、便于水分控制和提高肥料利用率等技术管理优势,以及提高耕地利用效率、节约水资源和改善土壤环境等社会效益。本文为相关地区旱地“稻+菜”水旱规模轮作模式推广应用提供参考。
黄惠勇 . 旱地抗旱稻种植表现及其“稻+菜”轮作栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(4) : 26 -29 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.04.006
The large-scale planting performance of drought resistant rice variety Hanyou 73 was combined in Donghu Production Base, Dongqiao Town, Huian County, Xiamen, Fujian Province, its “rice+vegetable” water-dry rotation cultivation techniques and its advantages in arid land were summarized and analyzed. This variety was planted in a “rice+vegetable” rotation in the research area, with a total growth period of about 128 days and resistant to bacterial leaf blight and rice blast disease, with good drought resistance; the dry grain yield of rice was 7 542.75 kg/hm2. Dryland cultivation techniques include land preparation, application of base fertilizer, and rotary tillage; after seed mixing or seedling cultivation, live broadcasting or waterless machine transplanting is carried out; arrange micro sprinkler irrigation pipe belts in the field according to the walking route of the rice transplanter wheels; after emergence, water the seedlings with water for greening, tillering, and heading filling to improve seedling quality and rice seed setting rate; according to the seedling situation in the field, apply tillering fertilizer, jointing fertilizer, and heading fertilizer to cultivate strong seedlings; dryland has more grass damage than paddy fields, and generally adopts measures such as closed weeding as the main method, chemical pesticides as auxiliary, and manual removal and remediation for prevention and control; according to local pest and disease monitoring information, timely prevention and control of diseases and pests such as sheath blight and rice planthopper. The application of the “rice+vegetable” water-dry rotation model and dryland waterless machine transplanting technology has technical management advantages such as saving labor and reducing consumption, facilitating water control, and improving fertilizer utilization efficiency; and social benefits such as improving farmland utilization efficiency, conserving water resources, and improving soil environment. This article provides a reference for the promotion and application of the “rice+vegetable” water-dry rotation model in relevant region’ dry land.
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