安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 31 - 34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.10.008
玉米品种中絮1号的选育、制种及高产栽培技术
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谢伟伟(1987—),女,安徽界首人,助理农艺师,从事作物育种与栽培研究。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-12-18
网络出版日期: 2025-06-03
Breeding, seed production, and high yield cultivation techniques of maize variety Zhongxu No.1
Received date: 2024-12-18
Online published: 2025-06-03
本文总结分析了玉米品种中絮1号的亲本来源与选育过程、品种特征特性、制种技术及高产栽培技术。该品种是以ZF428为母本、ZX410为父本培育而成的玉米品种,在2024年通过了安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:皖审玉2024T004)。该品种在安徽淮河以北地区种植,具有田间长势良好、品质优良、抗性强、丰产性好等特点。其制种技术要点包括选择水利条件良好、地势平坦的地块作为制种基地;采取空间隔离、时间隔离等方式严格设置隔离区;分期进行去杂处理,去除田间混杂苗;采取带叶摸苞法去除母本雄穗;合理安排父、母本行比和播期;预测花期,采取化学和物理等调节方法,使花期相遇;及时收获并单独存放,防止混杂。高产栽培技术包括选择光、温、肥、水条件适宜的地块种植;适时适墒播种;采取单粒播种机播种,确保留苗密度合理;播后苗前土壤封闭除草,3~5叶期化学药剂除草;施足底肥,喇叭口期、授粉期适时追肥,适量补充锌、硼等中微量元素肥料;适时灌溉,田间积水时及时排涝;采取适宜药剂防治地老虎、玉米螟、锈病等病虫害;玉米籽粒乳熟线完全消失时及时收获。本文为该品种进一步推广种植提供参考。
谢伟伟 . 玉米品种中絮1号的选育、制种及高产栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(10) : 31 -34 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.10.008
The parental sources, breeding process, variety characteristics, seed production techniques, and high yield cultivation techniques of maize variety Zhongxu No.1 were summarized and analyzed. This variety was cultivated with ZF428 as the female parent and ZX410 as the male parent. It was approved by the Anhui Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2024 (approval number: Wanshenyu 2024T004). This variety was planted in the north of the Huai River in Anhui Province, and had the characteristics of good field growth, excellent quality, strong resistance, and high yield. The key points of its seed production technology include selecting plots with good water conservancy conditions and flat terrain as seed production bases; strictly set up isolation zones through methods such as spatial and temporal isolation; staged impurity removal treatment to eliminate mixed seedlings in the field; adopting the method of touching the buds with leaves to remove the male spikes from the maternal plant; reasonably arrange the parent line ratio and sowing schedule; predicting the flowering period and adjust it using chemical and physical methods to ensure that the flowering periods meet; timely harvest and separate storage to prevent mixing. High yield cultivation techniques include selecting suitable plots for light, temperature, fertilizer, and water conditions for planting; sow at the appropriate time and sow content; adopting a single seed sowing machine to ensure reasonable seedling density; soil sealing and weed control before sowing, chemical weed control during the 3-5 leaf stage; apply sufficient basal fertilizer, apply timely topdressing during the bell mouth and pollination periods, and supplement zinc, boron, and other trace element fertilizers in moderation; timely irrigation and timely drainage of accumulated water in the fields; adopting appropriate pesticides to prevent and control pests and diseases such as ground tiger, maize borer, rust, etc.; harvest maize kernels promptly when the milk ripening line completely disappears. This article provides a reference for further promotion and planting of this variety.
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