安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 6 - 9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.10.002
辽南地区大豆高产优质栽培技术及应用成效
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杨彩妮(2005—),女,辽宁凤城人,从事大豆高产栽培研究。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-02-18
网络出版日期: 2025-06-03
基金资助
辽宁农业职业技术学院院级科研项目(LnzkB202318)
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKZZ20220159)
High yield and quality cultivation technology of soybean and its demonstration application in Southern Liaoning Province
Received date: 2025-02-18
Online published: 2025-06-03
本文基于辽宁南部地区大豆生产实践,总结了其高产优质栽培技术及示范应用成效。高产优质栽培技术包括正茬种植,合理轮作,深耕深松整地,以增加土壤通透性与抗旱耐涝能力;选择高产、优质且高抗的大豆品种;采用咯菌腈·精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂进行种子包衣;依据大豆品种特性、土壤肥力及气候条件等确定种植密度,采用机械化播种,同时完成播种、施肥、覆土和镇压等多道工序;以控氮、稳磷和增钾为原则,灵活调整肥料的比例,适时适量追施营养元素;采用灯诱、性诱和食诱等物理防治及甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺等化学防治技术,综合防治病虫害;依据“封定结合”除草策略,进行播前封闭和苗后定向除草,科学用药保障大豆田间除草效果;采用人工或机械收割,适时收获,及时摊铺晾晒或机械烘干,入库贮藏。在研究区对该技术进行示范应用,实践表明,该技术有效提高了大豆产量。本文为大豆单产提升和产业高质量发展提供参考。
杨彩妮 , 刘来宇 , 李梦燕 , 邢宇 , 单提波 . 辽南地区大豆高产优质栽培技术及应用成效[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(10) : 6 -9 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.10.002
Based on the soybean production practice in the Southern of Liaoning Province, its high yield and high quality cultivation techniques and the achievements of demonstration applications were summarized. High yield and high quality cultivation techniques include continuous cropping, reasonable crop rotation, deep ploughing, deep loosening and land preparation to increase soil permeability and drought and waterlogging tolerance. Select soybean varieties that are high yielding, high quality and highly resistant; seed coating is carried out using the suspension seed coating agent of fludioxonil·metalaxyl. The planting density is determined based on the characteristics of soybean varieties, soil fertility and climatic conditions, etc. Mechanical sowing is adopted to complete multiple processes such as sowing, fertilization, soil covering and compaction simultaneously. Based on the principles of controlling nitrogen, stabilizing phosphorus and increasing potassium, the proportion of fertilizers should be flexibly adjusted, and appropriate nutrients should be applied in a timely manner. Physical control techniques such as light attraction, sex attraction and food attraction, as well as chemical control techniques such as avermectin benzoate and chloranthobenzamide, are adopted to comprehensively control diseases and pests. According to the “combination of sealing and fixation” weeding strategy, pre-sowing sealing and post-emergence orientation are carried out, and scientific medication is used to ensure the weeding effect in the soybean field. Harvesting by hand or machine, harvesting at the right time, promptly spreading and sun-drying or mechanical drying, and then storing in the warehouse. The technology was demonstrated and applied in the study area. Practice showed that this technology had effectively increased the soybean yield. This article provides a reference for increasing the per-unit yield of soybeans and promoting the high quality development of the industry.
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