安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 1 - 4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.11.001
两系杂交水稻秋两优新占的选育和应用
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汪军(1974—),男,安徽怀宁人,高级农艺师,从事作物和农技推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-12-16
网络出版日期: 2025-06-16
基金资助
安徽省农作物良种联合攻关(水稻)
Breeding and application of Qiuliangyouxinzhan in two-line hybrid rice
Received date: 2024-12-16
Online published: 2025-06-16
本文总结分析了两系杂交水稻品种秋两优新占的选育过程、种植特征特性、栽培及制种技术要点等。该品种是以两系不育系Q201S为母本、强恢复系新龙占为父本组配育成,在长江中下游稻区种植,表现出产量高、田间长势良好、抗倒伏性较好、品质优良等特性。该品种适宜在长江中下游稻区种植,其高产栽培技术包括适时播种(5月中下旬),秧龄30 d以内,叶龄5.5~6.0叶时移栽;种植密度以75万~90万株/hm2为宜;施足基肥、早施分蘖肥、孕穗期施钾肥,水分以干湿交替管理为主;前茬作物收获后深翻改土,播种前采用适宜药剂拌种消毒,以有效防治病虫害。高产制种技术包括选择海拔300~800 m的丘陵或平原地区作制种基地;合理安排播差期,以父、母本播期相差10 d为宜,关注幼穗分化期,及时调节花期;安排父、母本行比2: 12,播种量分别为6和30 kg/hm2;合理施肥,及时追施穗肥、喷施叶面肥;母本抽穗25%时喷施赤霉素“九二○”,采取竹竿等方式进行人工辅助授粉;根据病虫害预报,施用75%肟菌·戊唑醇、三氟苯嘧啶等药剂防治稻曲病、纹枯病、稻飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟等病虫害;严格隔离去杂;适时分期收获父、母本。本文为该品种进一步推广种植提供参考。
汪军 , 章万东 , 王伍梅 . 两系杂交水稻秋两优新占的选育和应用[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(11) : 1 -4 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.11.001
The breeding process, planting characteristics, cultivation and seed production techniques of the two-line hybrid rice variety Qiuliangyouxinzhan were summarized and analyzed. This variety was developed by cross breeding using the two-line sterile line Q201S as the female parent and the strong restorer line Xinlongzhan as the male parent. It is planted in the rice growing area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and has shown high yield, good field growth, good lodging resistance, and excellent quality. This variety is suitable for planting in the rice growing areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Its high yield cultivation techniques include timely sowing (mid to late May), seedling age within 30 days, and transplanting when the leaf age is 5.5-6.0 leaves; the appropriate planting density is 750 000 to 900 000 plants/hm2; applying sufficient basal fertilizer, early tillering fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer during the booting stage, with water management mainly based on alternating dry and wet cycles; after the previous crop is harvested, the soil is deeply plowed, and suitable pesticides are used for seed mixing and disinfection before sowing to effectively prevent and control pests and diseases. High yield seed production techniques include selecting hilly or plain areas with an altitude of 300-800 meters as seed production bases; reasonable arrangement of sowing time, with a difference of 10 days between parents’ sowing time, attention to the differentiation period of young panicles, and timely adjustment of flowering period; arrange a parent to parent ratio of 2: 12, with seeding rates of 6 and 30 kg/hm2, respectively; reasonable fertilization, timely application of ear fertilizer and foliar fertilizer; spraying gibberellin “920” when the maternal plant is heading at 25%, and using artificial pollination methods such as bamboo poles; according to the forecast of pests and diseases, applying 75% oxime bacteria · tebuconazole, triflumezine and other pesticides to control rice false smut, sheath blight, rice planthopper, rice leaf roller and other pests and diseases; strictly isolate and remove impurities; timely installment harvest of father and mother’s foundation. This paper provides a reference for further promotion of the variety.
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