安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 10 - 13
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.11.003
机插对水稻生长的影响及其高产栽培技术
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徐礼森(1990—),男,安徽潜山人,硕士,农艺师,从事水稻栽培和农业技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-11-26
网络出版日期: 2025-06-16
Effects of machanical transplanting on rice growth and high yield cultivation techniques
Received date: 2024-11-26
Online published: 2025-06-16
本文总结分析了机插对水稻生长的影响以及机插水稻高产栽培技术。对水稻生长的影响方面,采取钵体盘机械化育秧移栽可有效提高水稻秧苗素质,提高其成苗率;控制基本苗数,可保持水稻有效穗数适宜;通过协调穗粒数、结实率和千粒重等产量构成因素,进而提高产量。其高产栽培技术包括因地制宜选择高产、抗病、优质品种;根据种植区域、品种类型等确定播种时间,根据温度情况适时调整播期(早稻3月中下旬至4月中旬,中稻4月中旬至5月上中旬,晚稻5月中旬至6月中下旬);浸种催芽,适时施用肥料药剂,以培育健壮秧苗;秧苗3叶1心时及时移栽,合理密植,以每穴插2~3棵苗为宜;施足基肥,适当增施有机肥,及时施用返青肥、分蘖肥等,水分以干湿交替管理为主;选择抗病虫品种、科学肥水管理、药剂浸种、适时喷施430 g/L戊唑·咪鲜胺水乳剂、20%三氯苯嘧啶水分散粒剂等药剂,以有效防治稻瘟病、飞虱等病虫害。本文为机插水稻高产栽培提供参考。
徐礼森 . 机插对水稻生长的影响及其高产栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(11) : 10 -13 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.11.003
The effects of machanical transplanting on rice growth and high yield cultivation techniques for machanical transplanting rice were summarized and analyzed. In terms of the impact on rice growth, adopting bowl tray mechanized seedling cultivation and transplantation can effectively improve the quality of rice seedlings and increase their transplanting survival rate; control the basic number of seedlings and determine the appropriate number of effective panicles for rice; coordinate factors such as grain number, seed setting rate, and thousand grain weight to improve yield. Its high yield cultivation techniques include selecting high yielding, disease resistant, and high quality varieties according to local conditions; determining the sowing time based on the planting area, variety type, etc., and adjust it in a timely manner according to temperature conditions (early rice from mid to late March to mid April, mid season rice from mid April to mid May, and late rice from mid May to mid June); soaking seeds to promote germination, applying fertilizers and pesticides in a timely manner to cultivate robust seedlings; when the seedlings with 3 leaves and 1 center, they should be transplanted in a timely manner and planted in a reasonable and dense manner, with 2-3 seedlings inserted into each hole; applying sufficient base fertilizer, appropriately increase organic fertilizer, timely apply greening fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, etc., and mainly manage water by alternating dry and wet; selecting disease and insect resistant varieties, scientific fertilizer and water management, soaking seeds with pesticides, and timely spraying of 430 g/L tebuconazole·prochloraz emulsion, 20% trichloropyrimidine water dispersible granules and other pesticides, to effectively prevent and control diseases and pests such as rice blast and planthoppers. This article provides a reference for high yield cultivation of machanical transplanting rice.
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