安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 12: 35 - 37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.12.009
哈密地区棉花化肥减量增效技术及优化策略
|
祖丽皮耶姆·玉素甫(1994—),女,新疆哈密人,助理农艺师,从事土壤与肥料的检测工作 |
|
钱雯婕(1986—),女,新疆哈密人,硕士,农艺师,从事土壤与肥料的检测工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-10-21
网络出版日期: 2025-07-02
基金资助
新疆生产建设兵团第十三师基本科技计划项目(2023B3)
Techniques and optimization strategies for reducing and increasing fertilization efficiency of cotton in Hami region
Received date: 2024-10-21
Online published: 2025-07-02
为提高新疆哈密地区棉花产量和品质,本文总结了该地区化肥减量增效技术,分析了其棉花生产施肥过程中有待进一步完善的环节,并提出优化施肥策略。化肥减量增效技术包括测土配方施肥技术、秸秆还田技术和水肥一体化技术,相关技术应用有助于保障养分供应均衡、增加土壤有机物质含量、提升作物产量。研究区棉花生产中的施肥管理存在一些亟待优化的环节,主要包括化肥施用量及氮、磷、钾肥比例失衡、有机肥供应不足、中微量元素肥料较少等。基于此,提出优化施肥策略:科学施肥,推动“检测、配置、生产、提供、施用”全流程一体化服务模式,强化测土配方施肥技术的推广工作;采取秸秆还田、增施有机肥等措施,以改善土壤结构,增强肥效持久性;合理配置化肥、有机肥和中微量元素肥料的比例,以提高施肥的精准度。本文为相关地区棉花优质、高效生产提供参考。
祖丽皮耶姆·玉素甫 , 胡学林 , 阿丽亚·司地克 , 张璐 , 刘倩倩 , 钱雯婕 . 哈密地区棉花化肥减量增效技术及优化策略[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(12) : 35 -37 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.12.009
To improve the yield and quality of cotton in Hami City, Xinjiang, the technology of reducing and increasing fertilizer efficiency in the region was summarized, the links that need further improvement in the cotton production fertilization process were analyzed, and optimized fertilization strategies were proposed. The technology of reducing and increasing fertilizer efficiency includes soil testing formula fertilization technology, straw returning technology, and integrated water and fertilizer technology. The application of related technologies helps to ensure balanced nutrient supply, increase soil organic matter content, and improve crop yield. There are some urgent optimization links in the fertilization management of cotton production in the research area, mainly including imbalance in the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer, insufficient supply of organic fertilizer, and lack of trace element fertilizers. Based on this, optimized fertilization strategies are proposed: scientific fertilization, promoting the integrated service model of “detection, configuration, production, provision, and application” throughout the entire process, and strengthening the promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization technology; take measures such as returning straw to the field and increasing the application of organic fertilizer to improve soil structure and enhance the persistence of fertilizer efficiency; reasonably allocate the proportion of fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and trace element fertilizers to improve the accuracy of fertilization. This article provides references for high quality and efficient cotton production in relevant regions.
| 1 |
程晓娇,王虎山,张智勇,等. 有机肥部分替代化肥对不同土壤连作棉花根系的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2024,36(5):431-446.
|
| 2 |
孟令贻.减氮增钾对北疆棉花产量形成及养分吸收利用的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2024.
|
| 3 |
刘玲辉,窦宏举. 新疆兵团第二师铁门关市棉花水肥一体化化肥减量增效技术模式[J]. 新疆农垦科技,2019,42(2):26-28.
|
| 4 |
戚亮,曹肆林,卢勇涛,等. 新疆兵团棉花秸秆还田技术应用现状与思考[J]. 安徽农业科学,2015,43(36):154-156.
|
| 5 |
吾买尔江.甫拉提,热西旦.买合木提,张珊珊,等. 高标准节水灌溉技术在棉花生产上的运用[J]. 新疆农业科技,2010(4):15-16.
|
| 6 |
白岩,毛树春,田立文,等. 新疆棉花高产简化栽培技术评述与展望[J]. 中国农业科学,2017,50(1):38-50.
|
| 7 |
陈绪兰,张娇阁,刘萍,等. 新疆库尔勒棉花化肥减量增效技术推广现状及建议[J]. 中国棉花,2017,44(7):41-42.
|
| 8 |
闫湘,金继运,何萍,等. 提高肥料利用率技术研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学,2008,41(2):450-459.
|
| 9 |
李勇,于广武,李晓冰,等. 中、微量元素肥料发展的必要性及其前景分析[J]. 化肥工业,2013,40(4):1-3,35.
|
| 10 |
厍润祥,田立文,娄善伟,等. 氮肥用量对棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业大学学报,2019,42(6):385-391.
|
| 11 |
王金刚,姜艳,田甜,等. 减氮配施生物刺激素对棉花产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2021,33(3):209-223.
|
| 12 |
李志军,王海东,张富仓,等. 新疆滴灌施肥棉花生长和产量的水肥耦合效应[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(12):1069-1077.
|
| 13 |
陈云,樊庆鲁,王军. 滴灌不同施肥方式对棉花生长及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农垦科技,2009,32(1):42-43.
|
| 14 |
邓忠,白丹,翟国亮,等. 膜下滴灌水氮调控对南疆棉花产量及水氮利用率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2013,24(9):2525-2532.
|
| 15 |
白萍,邓路. 棉花水肥一体化节本增效技术综合效益评价[J]. 节水灌溉,2019(7):77-81.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |