安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 21: 114 - 117
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.21.025
干燥花制作工艺、色彩处理与保存技术
|
庞静静(1986—),女,河南偃师人,工程师,从事牡丹新品种培育及栽培技术研究工作; |
|
王二强(1979—),男,河南新安人,工程师,从事牡丹相关研究工作。 |
Copy editor: 张琴
收稿日期: 2025-03-04
网络出版日期: 2025-11-12
基金资助
中原学者工作站资助项目(224400510002)
Production technology, color treatment and preservation techniques of dried flowers
Received date: 2025-03-04
Online published: 2025-11-12
本文系统探讨了干燥花的优势、种类、制作工艺、色彩处理技术及保存方法,旨在为干燥花制作爱好者提供实用技术参考,并为干燥花产业的标准化、规模化发展提供理论支撑。干燥花的核心优势在于以天然植物为原料,可保留植物原生姿态与色泽,观赏期较长,能突破花期限制实现自由搭配,应用方式丰富且流通环节成本低、风险小。从分类来看,按形态可分为立体花与平面花;按色彩处理方式可分为原色干花、漂白干花、染色干花及涂色干花。在制作工艺方面,花材采集需结合应用场景选择,采后需保鲜、修整并匹配设备;干燥方法涵盖压花干燥法、自然干燥法、干燥剂埋没干燥法及人工环境调控干燥法。色彩处理技术包括化学保色、染色与涂色。建议置于干燥通风洁净环境进行保存,需规避光照、高湿度及虫害,必要时采取防虫措施。未来,随着干燥花技术创新与应用场景拓展,该产业有望在装饰、艺术及环保领域发挥更大价值,进一步助力相关产业可持续发展。
庞静静 , 王二强 , 朱永 , 冀含乐 , 郭亚珍 , 刘红凡 , 王晓晖 . 干燥花制作工艺、色彩处理与保存技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(21) : 114 -117 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.21.025
The advantages, types, production processes, color treatment technologies, and preservation methods of dried flowers were systematically explored, aiming to provide practical technical references for dried flower production enthusiasts and theoretical support for the standardized and large-scale development of the dried flower industry. The core advantages of dried flowers lie in using natural plants as raw materials, which can retain the original shape and color of plants, have a long ornamental period, break through the limitation of flowering periods to realize free matching, and feature diverse application methods as well as low costs and low risks in the circulation link. In terms of classification, dried flowers can be divided into three-dimensional flowers and flat flowers by shape; by color treatment method, they can be divided into original-color dried flowers, bleached dried flowers, dyed dried flowers, and painted dried flowers. In terms of production processes, the collection of flower materials should be selected according to application scenarios, and post-harvest flower materials need to be preserved, trimmed and matched with appropriate equipment; drying methods include pressed flower drying, natural drying, desiccant embedding drying, and artificial environment-controlled drying. Color treatment technologies include chemical color retention, dyeing, and painting. For preservation, it is necessary to avoid light, high humidity, and insect infestation; dried flowers are recommended to be placed in a dry, well-ventilated, and clean environment, and insect prevention measures should be taken when necessary. In the future, with the innovation of dried flower technology and the expansion of application scenarios, the dried flower industry is expected to play a greater role in the fields of decoration, art, and environmental protection, further contributing to the sustainable development of related industries.
| [1] |
洪波. 干燥花制作工艺与应用[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社,2009.
|
| [2] |
何秀芬. 国外干花及其加工工艺[J]. 世界农业,1990(1):28-30.
|
| [3] |
陈智卿. 我国干燥花生产现状及发展前景[J]. 中国林业,2012(11):53.
|
| [4] |
孙洪友. 鲜花干制与保存技术[J]. 农村新技术,2006(6):37.
|
| [5] |
李文飞. 切花月季的干燥保色技术研究[D]. 昆明:云南大学,2018.
|
| [6] |
陈真. 绣球花干花制作技术研究[D]. 福州:福建农林大学,2020.
|
| [7] |
姜晓莉. 发展干花技术 开发干花市场[J]. 吉林农业,2000(2):18-19.
|
| [8] |
陆琳,苏艳,张颢,等. 干花制作工艺与保存方法综述[J]. 中国农学通报,2008,24(10):369-372.
|
| [9] |
张建国,李志强,姬延伟. 鲜切花采后的生理变化与保鲜技术概述(二)[J]. 农村实用工程技术(温室园艺),2005,25(4):56-57.
|
| [10] |
成丽娜. 干花制作工艺的探讨[J]. 园艺与种苗,2017,37(2):9-10,24.
|
| [11] |
王瑞瑞. 三种植物立体干燥花技术研究[D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2023.
|
| [12] |
谢芬华. 干花的制作及保存方法[J]. 福建农业,2003(6):17.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |