安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 21: 73 - 76
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.21.016
朴树盆景制作与管理关键技术
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陈少卿(1982—),男,江苏兴化人,农艺师,从事盆景制作教学工作。 |
Copy editor: 吴思文
收稿日期: 2024-11-29
网络出版日期: 2025-11-12
基金资助
全国园林行业产教融合共同体教育科学研究项目(LCZJ2024YB012)
Key techniques for the production and management of Celtis sinensis bonsai
Received date: 2024-11-29
Online published: 2025-11-12
本文介绍了朴树的生长特性、适合制作盆景的朴树品种,重点阐述了主干做弯、分枝做弯、顶片整枝、多枝结顶等盆景制作方法及换盆、病虫害防治、施肥、抹芽、铝丝拆除等管理措施。朴树为榆科朴属深根性落叶乔木,具有萌芽力强、耐修剪、耐烟尘等优点,其是制作盆景的优良材料,可制作直干式、斜干式、曲干式等类型盆景,适合制作朴树盆景的朴树品种主要包括珊瑚朴、大叶朴、小叶朴、滇朴。盆景制作方面,将当年培育的朴树地栽苗,于第二年春季以45°角度倾斜上盆,朴树培育至第三年冬季,需对一级分枝进行取舍与蟠弯造型、对二级分枝进行取舍做弯与顶片整枝结顶工作,第四年深秋进行三级分枝取舍修剪,调整二级分枝走势,依据去强留弱等原则对三级分枝萌发的枝条进行剪枝与定枝,通过复整修剪保留鸡爪枝。盆景管理方面,盆景换盆时间宜在秋季10月下旬至次年3月上旬,1~2年换盆1次,可采用农业防治(加强肥水管理等)、物理防治(用竹签刺杀虫体等)、化学防治(喷施氯氰菊酯等)方法进行病虫害防治,严格控制施肥量,分批进行抹芽,枝干形态稳定后根据情况拆除铝丝。本文为朴树盆景制作与管理技术推广提供参考。
陈少卿 , 章广明 , 宗树斌 , 任焕焕 . 朴树盆景制作与管理关键技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(21) : 73 -76 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.21.016
This article introduces the growth characteristics of the Celtis sinensis tree and the varieties suitable for making bonsai. It focuses on elaborating the bonsai making methods such as bending the main stem, bending the branches, pruning the top plate, and forming a top with multiple branches, as well as management measures such as repotting, disease and pest control, fertilization, bud removal, and aluminum wire removal. Celtis sinensis, a deep-rooted deciduous tree of the genus Celtis in the Ulmaceae family, has the advantages of strong sprouting ability, tolerance to pruning, and tolerance to smoke and dust. It is an excellent material for making bonsai and can be used to create various types of bonsai such as straight-trunk, slanting-trunk, and curved-trunk. The varieties of Celtis sinensis suitable for making bonsai mainly include Celtis julianae, Celtis koraiensis, Celtis bungeana, and Celtis tetrandra. In terms of bonsai making, the seedlings of the Celtis sinensis cultivated in the current year should be planted in pots at a 45° angle in the spring of the following year. By the winter of the third year, the first-level branches need to be pruned and shaped, and the second-level branches need to be pruned and bent, with bending and top pruning done. In the late autumn of the fourth year, carry out the selection and pruning of the third-level branches, adjust the trend of the second-level branches, and prune and fix the branches that have sprouted from the third-level branches based on the principles of removing the strong and retaining the weak. Retain the chicken claw branches through re-pruning. In terms of bonsai management, the best time for repotting bonsai is from late October to early March of the following year in autumn. Repotting should be done once every 1 to 2 years. Pest and disease control can be carried out by using agricultural control methods (such as strengthening fertilizer and water management), physical control methods (such as stabbing the insect body with bamboo sticks), and chemical control methods (such as spraying cypermethrin). The amount of fertilizer should be strictly controlled. Bud removal should be carried out in batches. After the shape of the branches and trunks stabilizes, the aluminum wires should be removed as needed. This article provides a reference for the promotion of the techniques of production and management Celtis sinensis bonsai.
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