安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 22: 110 - 114
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.22.023
凉山州一次暴雨过程的水汽输送特征
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王 玉(1996—),女,四川凉山人,助理工程师,从事天气预报及服务研究。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-03-04
网络出版日期: 2025-11-28
Characteristics of water vapor transport during a heavy rainfall event in Liangshan Prefecture
Received date: 2025-03-04
Online published: 2025-11-28
本研究基于常规地面及高空气象观测数据、ERA5再分析资料及NCEP GDAS数据,结合混合单粒子拉格朗日积分轨迹模型(HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型),系统分析了2024年7月19—21日四川凉山州一次区域性暴雨过程的降水情况、环流特征与水汽输送特征。结果表明,该过程的降水中心雨带为带状,西南—东北方向分布,表现出明显的间歇性强降水特征;高原低涡系统与西伸的副热带高压的动力对峙格局,驱动对流层低层西南急流持续输送暖湿水汽和不稳定能量,为暴雨发生提供了有利条件。水汽条件分析表明,进入研究区的水汽主要有中国南海路径、孟加拉湾西南与偏西路径;强降水阶段受高原低涡系统影响,研究区北部、西部及南部持续维持水汽通量散度负值区,形成显著水汽辐合中心。HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型分析表明,600~700 hPa水汽主要源自孟加拉湾和中国南海地区,其水汽贡献率随高度的增加显著上升。本文为农业生产中的暴雨天气预测提供参考。
关键词: 暴雨; 水汽输送; 混合单粒子拉格朗日积分轨迹模型; 水汽贡献率
王玉 , 王川云 , 阿的阿加 . 凉山州一次暴雨过程的水汽输送特征[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(22) : 110 -114 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.22.023
Based on conventional surface and upper-air meteorological observation data, ERA5 reanalysis data, and NCEP GDAS data, combined with the HYSPLIT backward trajectory model, this study systematically analyzed the precipitation characteristics, circulation features, and water vapor transport characteristics of a regional heavy rainfall event that occurred in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province from July 19 to 21, 2024. The results showed that the rain belt of the precipitation center during this event was zonal, distributed in a southwest-northeast direction, showing significant intermittent heavy precipitation characteristics; the dynamic confrontation pattern between the plateau vortex system and the westward-extending subtropical high drove the southwest jet stream in the lower troposphere to continuously transport warm and humid water vapor and unstable energy, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of heavy rainfall. The analysis of water vapor conditions indicated that the water vapor entering the study area mainly came from 3 paths: the South China Sea path, the southwest and the westward path of the Bay of Bengal; during the heavy precipitation period, affected by the plateau vortex system, the negative water vapor flux divergence areas were continuously maintained in the northern, western, and southern parts of the study area, forming significant water vapor convergence centers. The analysis using the HYSPLIT backward trajectory model showed that the water vapor at 600-700 hPa was mainly derived from the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea, and the water vapor contribution rate increased significantly with height. This paper provides a reference for the prediction of rainstorm weather in agricultural production.
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