To clarify the parasitic effects of Solenaia oleivora glochidia on different host fish species and screen suitable host fish for its artificial propagation, this study selected 5 common freshwater fish species (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Carassius auratus, and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) as candidate hosts, with 15 individuals per species. Artificial parasitic screening experiments of glochidia were conducted, and the parasitic load, metamorphosis rate, and detachment time were recorded. Additionally, the survival rate and growth performance of juvenile clams were analyzed. The results showed that the glochidia of S. oleivora could parasitize all 5 host fish species, namely A. nobilis, H. molitrix, P. fulvidraco, C. idellus and C. auratus, with the average parasitic loads of 1 349.67, 875.60, 522.53, 512.60 and 316.93 individuals per fish, respectively. Metamorphosed juvenile clams were only obtained from 3 fish species (H. nobilis, H. molitrix, and C. idella), with parasitic metamorphosis rates of 81.95%, 64.24%, and 36.02%, respectively. The parasitic period of glochidia ranged from 5 to 11 days: the detachment peak occurred on the 7th day for H. nobilis and H. molitrix, and on the 6th day for C. idella. After cultivating the juvenile clams detached from H. nobilis, H. molitrix, and C. idella, the survival rates were 94.00%, 88.33%, and 89.67%, respectively, and the shell lengths were 7.12, 7.10, and 7.06 mm, respectively. Overall, among the 5 candidate host fish species, H. nobilis is the optimal host fish for S. oleivora.