安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 23: 30 - 33
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.23.008
洪雅县气候条件对藤椒生长发育的适宜性分析
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何建希(1986—),男,四川眉山人,工程师,从事综合气象业务研究。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-03-10
网络出版日期: 2025-12-17
Analysis of the suitability of climatic conditions in Hongya County for the growth and development of Zanthoxylum armatum
Received date: 2025-03-10
Online published: 2025-12-17
本文通过收集四川省眉山市洪雅县多年温度、降水、光照、风速以及湿度等气象数据和藤椒生长数据,结合藤椒生物学特性及生长发育需求,分析该地区气候对藤椒生长发育的影响。分析表明,藤椒适宜生长的温度在15~20 ℃,研究区在其生长前期、花期、果实膨大期和休眠期的平均气温分别在15.6~20.5、17.0~19.0、24.5~26.8和6.8~9.2 ℃;该作物适宜生长的年降水量在900~1 300 mm,研究区在其生长前期、果实膨大期的平均降水量分别为286.5、653.2 mm;整体温度和降水条件适宜藤椒生长,但部分地区偶尔会出现极端高温、低温、暴雨、干旱等现象,严重影响植株的生长和果实的发育。藤椒所需光照时间在8~10 h/d,研究区年平均日照时数为1 027.5 h,基本满足其生长对光照的需求,充足的光照能够促进藤椒的花芽分化和果实品质提升。研究区多年平均风速较小,为1.1 m/s,平均相对湿度为78%,微风有利于藤椒园内的空气流通,减少病虫害的发生;适宜的湿度有利于花粉的传播和萌发,提高授粉成功率。综合表明,研究区的总体气候条件有利于藤椒生长,但面对高温、干旱等特殊天气情况,需通过科学精准的栽培管理措施,保障其正常生长。
何建希 . 洪雅县气候条件对藤椒生长发育的适宜性分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(23) : 30 -33 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.23.008
This study collected multi-year meteorological data (including temperature, precipitation, sunlight, wind speed, and humidity) and growth data of Zanthoxylum armatum in Hongya County, Meishan City, Sichuan Province. Combined with the biological characteristics and growth and development requirements of Zanthoxylum armatum, it analyzed the impact of the local climate on its growth and development. The results showed that the suitable temperature for Zanthoxylum armatum growth ranged from 15 to 20 ℃. In the study area, the average temperatures during the germination period, flowering period, fruit expansion period, and dormancy period were 15.6-20.5, 17.0-19.0, 24.5-26.8, and 6.8-9.2 ℃, respectively. The suitable annual precipitation for Zanthoxylum armatum growth was 900-1 300 mm, and the average precipitation during the germination period, fruit expansion period was 286.5, 653.2 mm, respectively. The overall temperature and precipitation conditions were suitable for Zanthoxylum armatum growth, but extreme high temperatures low temperatures, rainstorms, and droughts occasionally occurred in some areas, seriously affecting plant growth and fruit development. Zanthoxylum armatum required 8-10 hours of sunlight per day, and the annual average sunshine hours in the study area were 1 027.5 hours, which basically meets its light demand for growth. Sufficient sunlight could promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality of Zanthoxylum armatum. The multi-year average wind speed in the study area was low (1.1 m/s), and the average relative humidity was 78%. Gentle wind was conducted to air circulation in the Zanthoxylum armatum orchard, reducing the occurrence of diseases and pests; suitable humidity was beneficial to pollen transmission and germination, improving pollination success rate. In conclusion, the climatic conditions in the study area were generally favorable for Zanthoxylum armatum growth, but scientific and precise cultivation management measures are needed to ensure its normal growth in the face of special weather conditions such as high temperature and drought.
Key words: Zanthoxylum armatum; temperature; precipitation; growth and development
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