安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 24: 10 - 13
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.24.003
庆阳市冬小麦夏收后复种玉米栽培技术及效益分析
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杨建霞(1972—),女,甘肃镇原人,博士,副教授,从事农业生态修复与植物逆境生理学研究。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-06-24
网络出版日期: 2025-12-25
基金资助
甘肃省乡村振兴专项(24CXNM002)
甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与生态修复重点实验室项目
Cultivation technologies and benefit analysis multiple cropping maize after winter wheat summer harvest in Qingyang City
Received date: 2025-06-24
Online published: 2025-12-25
本文结合庆阳市冬小麦夏收后复种玉米模式实践经验,系统总结其丰产栽培技术要点,并分析其经济效益。品种方面,宜选择抗逆性强、有效积温2 100 ℃以内的中早熟品种,如科沃028、KWS7340、KWS6333等。生产管理方面,强调及时整地抢播,最迟于6月30日前完成播种,采用“免耕+施肥+播种”一体化机械播种;优化种植密度,机械播种以2~3粒/穴为宜;科学施肥,一次性施纯氮20 kg/667 m2、纯磷12 kg/667 m2;无人机喷施30%苯唑草酮6 g/667 m2 + 25%硝磺特丁津180 g/667 m2等药剂防除杂草;综合运用农业(选择抗病虫品种并科学轮作)、生物(引入天敌等)和化学(7%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂、75%肟菌酯·戊唑醇水分散粒剂等)防治手段,防治草地贪夜蛾、玉米大斑病等病虫害;构建“气象预警—田间监测—应急处置”三级防控体系,降低气象灾害风险,10月20—30日适时收获。经济效益分析显示,种植适配品种科沃028可实现净利润320元/667 m2。目前该模式的抗灾减害能力有待进一步提升,农机适配、农艺集成、品种选育等技术体系也需持续完善。为此,需加强农业基础设施建设,推进高标准农田改造;构建技术服务网络,促进技术转化。本文为相关地区同类种植提供参考。
杨建霞 , 刘海霞 , 刘永吉 , 卜婷 , 刘灵霞 . 庆阳市冬小麦夏收后复种玉米栽培技术及效益分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(24) : 10 -13 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.24.003
Based on the practical experience of the winter wheat-summer maize multiple cropping model in Qingyang City,Gansu Province, the key high yield cultivation techniques were systematically summarized and its economic benefits were analyzed in this paper. For variety selection, early-maturing varieties with strong stress resistance and a requirement of ≤2 100℃ effective accumulated temperature, such as Kewo028, KWS7340, and KWS6333, were preferred. In terms of production management, emphasis was placed on timely land preparation and sowing with haste, with sowing should be completed by June 30 at the latest; integrated mechanical sowing combining “no-tillage, fertilization, and seeding” was adopted. Planting density was optimized, and 2-3 seeds per hole was recommended for mechanical sowing. Scientific fertilization was implemented, with a one-time application of 20 kg of pure nitrogen and 12 kg of pure phosphorus per 667 m². Weed control was conducted via unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) spraying of herbicides such as 6 g of 30% topramezone and 180 g of 25% mesotrione-terbuthylazine per 667 m². Integrated pest and disease control was achieved through a combination of agricultural (selection of pest-and-disease-resistant varieties and implementation of scientific crop rotation), biological (introduction of natural enemies, etc.), and chemical (application of 7% cyantraniliprole suspension concentrate, 75% trifloxystrobin-tebuconazole water-dispersible granules, etc.) measures to manage pests and diseases including Spodoptera frugiperda and Setosphaeria turcica. A three-level prevention and control system consisting of “meteorological early warning, field monitoring, and emergency response” was established to reduce the risk of meteorological disasters, and timely harvesting was carried out during October 20-30. Economic benefit analysis shows that suitable varieties (Kewo028) can achieve a net profit of 320 yuan/667 m². At present, the disaster resistance and mitigation capacity of this model need further improvement, and the technical systems such as agricultural machinery adaptation, agronomic integration, and variety breeding also require continuous refinement. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure and promote the transformation of high-standard farmland; establish a technical service network to facilitate technology transfer. This study provides a reference for similar crop cultivation in relevant regions.
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