安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 1: 16 - 19
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.01.004
萧县夏玉米生产现状及绿色增产增效栽培技术
Current status of summer maize production and green cultivation techniques for increasing yield and efficiency in Xiaoxian
Received date: 2025-03-09
Online published: 2026-01-07
本文梳理了安徽省萧县夏玉米生产现状,总结出其高产栽培技术。研究区夏玉米种植面积不断扩大、产量不断提高,其生产需重点关注品种、播种质量、土壤质量、肥水管理、非生物逆境胁迫等环节。基于此,集成了一套绿色增产增效栽培技术:优选品种,选用耐密植、抗倒伏、抗主要病害且适宜籽粒机收的审定品种;精细播种,推广前茬秸秆均匀粉碎还田,实施以“适期、适量、适墒、适深”为核心的板茬精量直播技术,并配套开沟降渍;绿色防控,坚持“先封后杀”的除草策略,结合虫情监测科学施药,后期推广“一喷多促”技术保叶增重;精准管理水肥,依据土壤肥力与目标产量确定施肥量,强调氮肥分次深施,并倡导利用水肥一体化技术实现以水调肥,根据苗情适时开展化学控旺;适时晚收,在玉米完全成熟后依据籽粒含水量选择果穗或籽粒收获,并配套烘干技术。该技术体系的示范应用为实现夏玉米的高产、高效与生态协同生产提供参考。
吕新强 . 萧县夏玉米生产现状及绿色增产增效栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(1) : 16 -19 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.01.004
The current production status of summer maize was systematically reviewed in Xiaoxian, Anhui Province, and its high yield cultivation techniques were summarized. In the study area, the planting area of summer maize has been continuously expanding with steadily increasing yields, highlighting the need to focus on key aspects such as variety selection, sowing quality, soil quality, fertilizer and water management, and mitigation of abiotic stress. Based on these considerations, an integrated green cultivation technology for enhancing yield and efficiency has been developed, which includes: selecting certified varieties tolerant to dense planting, resistant to lodging and major diseases, and suitable for mechanical grain harvesting; promoting precision sowing through uniform crushing and incorporation of previous crop straw, implementing stubble-based precision direct seeding technology centered on “optimal timing, appropriate seeding rate, suitable soil moisture, and adequate sowing depth”, complemented by trenching for waterlogging prevention; adopting a green pest control strategy with a “seal first, kill later” approach to weed management, combining scientific pesticide application based on pest monitoring, and promoting “one-spray, multiple-promotion” technology in later stages to preserve leaves and increase grain weight; implementing precision water and fertilizer management by determining fertilizer application rates according to soil fertility and target yield, emphasizing split deep application of nitrogen fertilizer, advocating integrated water-fertilizer technology to regulate fertilizer via water, and applying chemical growth regulators as needed based on seedling conditions; practicing timely late harvesting by selecting ear or grain harvesting methods based on grain moisture content after maize reaches full maturity, supported by drying technology. The demonstration and application of this technical system provide a reference for achieving high yield, high efficiency, and ecological sustainability in summer maize production.
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