安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 106 - 109
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.026
生物质炭多层级改性及其在环境治理中的应用
|
杨福林(1986—),男,安徽天长人,硕士,工程师,从事生态环境执法、生态环境管理等工作。 |
收稿日期: 2024-09-17
网络出版日期: 2026-01-22
Multi-level modification of biochar and its application in environmental remediation
Received date: 2024-09-17
Online published: 2026-01-22
生物质炭作为一种多元化材料,其吸附性能在环境治理领域中的应用广泛。本文从孔隙结构、表面官能团和负载金属活性组分3个方面综述了其改性方法。孔隙结构调控方面,利用氯化锌、氢氧化钾等活化剂可定向调控生物质炭的孔隙结构,提高比表面积和活性位点数量,从而增强对气体(CO2)和有机污染物的吸附能力。表面官能团调控方面,利用氧化法(利用强酸、强碱引入羟基、羧基等酸性含氧官能团)、氨化法(通过尿素、氨气引入氨基)和磺化法(利用浓硫酸引入磺酸基),实现对含氧、含氮和含硫官能团的定向调控,以增强生物质炭对重金属和有机污染物的吸附能力。负载金属活性组分方面,利用生物炭负载金属活性组分(氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化锌等金属盐),可实现比表面积、孔隙结构、孔径分布及表面官能团等方面性能的全面提升。本文为生物质炭的定向调控改进提供参考。
杨福林 . 生物质炭多层级改性及其在环境治理中的应用[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(2) : 106 -109 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.026
As a versatile material, biochar exhibits extensive application potential in environmental remediation due to its adsorption capabilities. Modification methods were summarized from 3 aspects: pore structure, surface functional groups, and loaded metal active components. In terms of pore structure regulation, activating agents such as ZnCl2 and KOH can be used to tailor the pore structure of biochar, increasing its specific surface area and the number of active sites, thereby enhancing its adsorption capacity for gases (CO2) and organic pollutants. Regarding the modulation of surface functional groups, methods including oxidation (introducing acidic oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups using strong acids and strong bases), amination (introducing amino groups using urea or ammonia), and sulfonation (incorporating sulfonic groups with concentrated H2SO4) enable the directed introduction of oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing functional groups. These modifications improve biochar’s ability to adsorb heavy metals and organic pollutants. In the case of loading metal active components, employing metal salts (such as MgCl2, FeCl3, and ZnCl2) facilitates comprehensive enhancement of biochar’s properties, including specific surface area, pore structure, pore size distribution, and surface functional groups. This review provides a valuable reference for the directed modification and improvement of biochar.
Key words: biochar; adsorption capacity; modification; directed regulation
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
李飞跃. 生物质炭固碳作用及其对土壤温室气体排放特征的影响[D]. 上海:上海交通大学,2015.
|
| [5] |
|
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
沈天瑶. 改性生物炭吸附4-氯酚及微波活化PDS处理吸附剂效能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2020.
|
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
|
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
栾小凯. 改性生物炭的制备及其对重金属镉的吸附性能研究[D]. 青岛:山东科技大学,2019.
|
| [22] |
|
| [23] |
|
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
董康妮,谢更新,晏铭,等. 磺化生物炭活化过硫酸盐去除水中盐酸四环素[J]. 中国环境科学,2022,42(8):3650-3657.
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |