安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 49 - 53
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.014
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征防控与净化研究进展
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李 曼(1986—),女,陕西安康人,硕士,高级兽医师,从事动物疫病预防与控制工作。 |
收稿日期: 2025-06-20
网络出版日期: 2026-01-22
基金资助
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024NC-LSTD-048)
安康市科学技术研究发展计划项目(AK2024-NY-16)
Research progress on prevention, control and purification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Received date: 2025-06-20
Online published: 2026-01-22
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的接触性传染病,对养猪业持续健康发展造成不利影响,发展区域净化是防控PRRS的有效方式之一。本文系统探讨了PRRSV的特点、PRRS的防控以及PRRS净化的研究进展。PRRSV是一种有囊膜的球型单股正链RNA病毒,突变重组能力强,遗传背景多样复杂,兼具抗体依赖性增强作用与持续感染特性,导致其综合防控难度较大。目前常用的防控措施包括疫苗免疫和药物治疗,灭活疫苗、弱毒疫苗和新型疫苗(亚单位疫苗、核酸/mRNA疫苗等)等均可有效降低PRRSV感染风险;双香豆素、桑根酮C等天然化合物以及黄芩多糖、板蓝根多糖等中草药提取物均具有抗PRRSV的作用。开展PRRS区域净化是防控PRRSV的重要手段。目前,多数生猪养殖场积极探索建立规模化养殖场PRRS净化模式,创建成功的PRRS净化场数量逐年增加。PRRS区域净化包括通过物理隔离、人员管控、物资消毒和无害化处理等措施完善生物安全体系;选用彻底清群—再建群法、检测与淘汰法和闭群净化法等适配的净化策略,同时辅以常态化持续检测,保障并巩固净化成效。本文为开展PRRS防控及净化工作提供参考。
李曼 , 王黎明 , 魏小丽 , 俞亚玲 , 张丹 , 杨少鹏 , 赵鸿远 . 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征防控与净化研究进展[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(2) : 49 -53 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.014
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a contagious disease caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which has a negative impact on the sustainable and healthy development of the pig industry. Developing regional purification is an effective way to control PRRS. This article systematically discusses the characteristics of PRRSV, the current status of PRRS prevention and control, and the research progress of PRRS purification. PRRSV is an enveloped spherical single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with strong mutation and recombination ability, diverse and complex genetic background, and both antibody-dependent enhancement and persistent infection characteristics, making its comprehensive prevention and control difficult. Currently, common prevention and control measures include vaccination and drug treatment. Inactivated vaccines, attenuated vaccines, and new vaccines (subunit vaccines, nucleic acid/mRNA vaccines, etc.) can all effectively reduce the risk of PRRSV infection. Natural compounds such as dicoumarol and morin C, as well as Chinese herbal extracts such as Scutellaria baicalensis polysaccharides and Isatis indigotica polysaccharides, all have anti-PRRSV effects. Implementing regional purification of PRRS is an important means to control PRRSV. Currently, most pig farms are actively exploring the establishment of PRRS purification models for large-scale farms, and the number of successfully purified PRRS farms is increasing year by year. PRRS regional purification includes improving the biosecurity system through measures such as physical isolation, personnel control, material disinfection, and harmless treatment; selecting appropriate purification strategies such as thorough depopulation and repopulation, testing and culling, and closed purification, while also supplemented by regular and continuous testing to ensure and consolidate the purification results. This article provides a reference for the prevention and control and purification of PRRS.
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