安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 7 - 9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.003
石台县富硒稻高产栽培技术及示范实践
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胡晓兵(1975—),男,安徽石台人,农艺师,从事农业技术推广工作。 |
收稿日期: 2025-04-25
网络出版日期: 2026-01-22
High yield cultivation techniques and demonstration practices of selenium-enriched rice in Shitai County
Received date: 2025-04-25
Online published: 2026-01-22
本文系统总结了安徽省石台县富硒稻高产栽培技术要点与示范成效。栽培技术要点包括选择珠两优570等富硒稻品种,温水浸种与药剂浸种,以提高种子出芽率并防治病害;秧苗3.5叶时移栽,移栽密度根据品种特性进行调整(杂交稻105万株/hm2,常规稻120万株/hm2);施用含硒有机肥实现硒元素补给,并采用浅—湿—干交替灌溉模式优化土壤环境;采取手工拔除和化学药剂(30%苄嘧磺隆丙草胺等)喷施方式防治禾本科及阔叶类杂草;采用物理(诱捕器)+生物(天敌生物)+化学(6%春雷霉素等)措施综合防治稻瘟病、稻飞虱等病虫害;稻穗黄熟度85%~90%、籽粒含水量18%~20%时收获,控制储存环境温度在10~15 ℃,湿度在65%~75%;加工环节设置去草、色选等工序去除杂质,提高大米品质。2023—2024年在石台县小河镇进行富硒稻高产栽培实践,2024年(推广高产栽培技术后)与2022年(推广高产栽培技术前)相比,种植成本降低(17 175元/hm2降至12 150元/hm2),产量(7 950 kg/hm2增至8 250 kg/hm2)及产投比(由1.18提升至1.66)提升。本文为富硒稻绿色高效生产提供参考。
胡晓兵 , 涂徐孙 . 石台县富硒稻高产栽培技术及示范实践[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(2) : 7 -9 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.02.003
This paper systematically summarized the key cultivation techniques and demonstration outcomes of high yield selenium-enriched rice production in Shitai County, Anhui Province. The key cultivation techniques include selecting selenium-enriched rice varieties such as Zhuliangyou 570, soaking seeds in warm water and applying chemical seed treatments to improve germination rates and control diseases; transplanting seedlings at the 3.5-leaf stage, with planting density adjusted according to varietal characteristics (1.05 million plants/hm2 for hybrid rice, 1.20 million plants/hm2 for conventional rice); applying selenium-enriched organic fertilizers to supplement selenium content, and adopting a shallow-wet-dry alternating irrigation mode to optimize soil conditions; controlling weeds, including grasses and broadleaf weeds, through manual removal and chemical applications (30% bensulfuron-methyl+pretilachlor); implementing integrated pest management using physical (traps), biological (natural enemies), and chemical methods (6% kasugamycin) to control diseases and pests such as rice blast and brown planthoppers; harvesting when rice panicles reach 85%-90% maturity and grain moisture content is between 18% and 20%, and storing grains at temperatures of 10-15 ℃ and humidity levels of 65%-75%; and incorporating impurity removal and color-sorting processes during post-harvest processing to improve rice quality. From 2023 to 2024, selenium-enriched rice cultivation practice will be carried out in Xiaohe Town, Shitai County. The planting cost will decrease from 17 175 yuan/hm2 to 12 150 yuan/hm2, the yield (from 7 950 kg/hm2 to 8 250 kg/hm2) and production input ratio (from 1.18 to 1.66) will increase in 2024 (after promoting high yield cultivation techniques) compared to 2022 (before promoting high yield cultivation techniques). This study provides a reference for the green and efficient production of selenium-enriched rice.
Key words: selenium-enriched rice; cultivation techniques; yield; economic benefits
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