安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 3: 116 - 119
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.03.027
兴安盟雷电天气对农业设施的影响及防御措施
Impact of lightning weather on agricultural facilities and defense measures in Xing’an League
Received date: 2025-04-23
Online published: 2026-02-09
农业设施作为现代农业生产的基础保障,受自身结构、功能特性及自然环境影响,面临一定的雷击风险。本文聚焦内蒙古兴安盟地区农业设施,基于兴安盟气象局2014—2024年雷暴数据,重点梳理该地区雷电对农业设施的破坏情况,并分析其遭受破坏的原因,提出针对性的防御对策。兴安盟雷电灾害呈频发、重发态势,其中种植设施(结构损坏、棚膜损坏和内部设备损坏)、农田水利设施(水泵及电机设备受损、输水管道受损和灌溉系统故障)、电力与通信设施(变压器受损、输电线路受损和配电箱及开关故障)遭受的雷电灾害分别有35、14、27次,其他方面有8次。其遭受雷电灾害,与区域雷电发生频次高、强度大的特征,农业设施建设设计和选材的科学性水平以及灾前预警信息传递效率、应急响应机制等应急防控措施的落实情况息息相关。基于此提出防雷策略,具体包括引进雷达监测技术、卫星云图分析技术,强化雷电监测与预警技术应用;组织气象专家开展雷电风险评估,保障农业设施的安全性;结合研究区雷电活动规律、地形地貌等,严格选用与防雷要求和标准相符的建筑材料,提高农业设施建设质量;拓宽预警信息传播渠道,强化防雷知识宣传与培训,建立健全应急响应机制,全面提升农业雷电灾害应急防控能力。本文为减少雷电灾害损失,助力现代农业稳定、可持续发展提供参考。
林晓宇 . 兴安盟雷电天气对农业设施的影响及防御措施[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(3) : 116 -119 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.03.027
As a fundamental guarantee for modern agricultural production, agricultural facilities are exposed to severe lightning strike risks due to their structural and functional characteristics as well as the natural environment they are situated in. This paper focused on agricultural facilities in the Xing’an League of Inner Mongolia. Based on thunderstorm data from the Xing’an League Meteorological Bureau for the period 2014–2024, it systematically analyzed the damage caused by lightning to local agricultural facilities, investigated the underlying causes, and proposed targeted defensive countermeasures. Lightning disasters in the Xing’an League have shown a frequent and severe trend. Specifically, planting facilities (structural damage, shed film damage, and internal equipment damage), farmland water conservancy facilities (damage to water pumps, motors, water delivery pipelines, and irrigation system failures), and power and communication facilities (damage to transformers, transmission lines, distribution boxes, and switch failures) have been affected by lightning disasters for 35, 14, and 27 times respectively, with 8 incidents recorded in other categories. The occurrence of lightning damage to these facilities is closely associated with the regional characteristics of high-frequency and high-intensity lightning activities, the scientific level of design and material selection in agricultural facility construction, and the implementation effectiveness of emergency prevention and control measures such as pre-disaster early warning information transmission efficiency and emergency response mechanisms. On this basis, the following lightning protection strategies are put forward: introducing radar monitoring technology and satellite cloud image analysis technology to strengthen the application of lightning monitoring and early warning technologies; organizing meteorological experts to conduct lightning risk assessments to ensure the safety of agricultural facilities; strictly selecting construction materials that meet lightning protection requirements and standards by considering the lightning activity patterns and topographic features of the study area, so as to improve the construction quality of agricultural facilities; expanding the dissemination channels of early warning information, intensifying the publicity and training of lightning protection knowledge, establishing and improving the emergency response mechanism, and comprehensively enhancing the emergency prevention and control capacity against agricultural lightning disasters. This paper provides a reference for reducing the losses caused by lightning disasters and facilitating the stable and sustainable development of modern agriculture.
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