为掌握黑河胜山国家级自然保护区不同生境的蝶类种类与分布现状，采用样点法在保护区林缘、灌丛、草甸和湿地4种生境内调查其蝶类资源，并对蝶类多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数及不同生境的相似性进行分析。结果表明，研究区蝶类隶属5科47属57种，其中优势种有9种，分别为尖钩粉蝶、斑缘豆粉蝶、绢粉蝶、菜粉蝶、黄环链眼蝶、孔雀蛱蝶、柳紫闪蛱蝶、蓝灰蝶和链弄蝶；林缘生境蝶类多样性、均匀度、优势度指数均最高，分别为4.669、0.890和0.822，灌丛生境的均匀度指数最低，为0.819，湿地生境的多样性和优势度最低，分别为3.754和0.737；林缘生境和草甸生境的相似度最高，为0.703，其次是林缘生境和灌丛生境，相似度为0.698，而草甸生境和湿地生境的相似度最低，为0.517。本文为研究区蝶类资源的保护提供参考。

To understand the species and distribution status of butterflies in different habitats of the Heihe Shengshan National Nature Reserve, the sampling site method was used to investigate the butterfly resources in the forest edge, shrub, meadow and wetland habitats within the protected area. The diversity index, evenness index, dominance index of butterflies and the similarity of different habitats were analyzed. The results showed that the butterflies in the study area belonged to 5 families, 47 genera and 57 species. Among them, the dominant species were 9 species, namely Gonepeeryx aspasia, Colias erate, Aporia crataegi, Pieris rapae, Lopinga achine, Inachis io, Apatura ilia, Everes argiades, and Heteropterus morpheus. The diversity, evenness and dominance indices of butterflies in the forest edge habitat were the highest, at 4.669, 0.890 and 0.822 respectively. The evenness index of the shrub habitat was the lowest, at 0.819. The diversity and dominance of the wetland habitat were the lowest, at 3.754 and 0.737 respectively. The similarity between the forest edge habitat and the meadow habitat was the highest, at 0.703. This was followed by the similarity between the forest edge habitat and the shrub habitat, at 0.698. The similarity between the meadow habitat and the wetland habitat was the lowest, at 0.517. This paper provides a reference for the protection of the butterfly resources in the study area.