安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 109 - 112
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.025
京杭大运河(苏州段)水生植物资源调查
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赵淑颖(1986—),女,河南信阳人,博士,副教授,从事植物资源与进化研究。 |
Office editor: 张琴
收稿日期: 2025-11-05
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
基金资助
江苏省产学研合作项目(BY20230127)
江苏开放大学/江苏城市职业学院“十四五”规划课题(2021-D-01)
Investigation on aquatic plant resources in the Suzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
Received date: 2025-11-05
Online published: 2026-03-12
为了解京杭大运河(苏州段)水生植物资源情况,本研究采用实地调研方法,在京杭大运河(苏州段)水域及沿岸500 m范围内湿地区域随机选取6个样点,对水生植物的区系组成、种类多样性、物候周期及外来入侵植物分布情况开展调查与分析。调查结果显示,该河段共记录水生植物47种,隶属于30科41属,涵盖沉水、浮水、挺水、湿生、浮叶5种生活型,其中湿生植物(19种)最多,浮叶植物(5种)最少;植物区系成分复杂多样,以世界广布成分为主(属占51.2%,种占53.2%),温带成分与热带成分相互补充,共同维系区域水生植物多样性;物候周期特征显著,季相变化明显,具备较高观赏价值;共发现外来入侵植物5种,目前尚未大规模暴发,但存在一定潜在生态风险。结果表明,该河段水生植物种类较丰富,南美天胡荽、水盾草已通过自然与人为传播在研究区域建立稳定种群。基于研究结果,从群落结构优化、入侵植物防控、水体质量改善、生态人文融合及长期科研管理5个维度,提出该河段景观提升策略。本文为类似区域水生植物资源保护提供参考。
赵淑颖 , 周阳 , 周琦 , 崔键 . 京杭大运河(苏州段)水生植物资源调查[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(5) : 109 -112 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.025
To investigate the status of aquatic plant resources in the Suzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, this study adopted field investigation methods. 6 sampling sites were randomly selected in the water area and wetland areas within 500 meters of the bank in the Suzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and investigations and analyses were conducted on the floristic composition, species diversity, phenological cycle and distribution of invasive alien plants of aquatic plants. The survey results showed that a total of 47 species of aquatic plants were recorded in this reach, belonging to 41 genera and 30 families, covering 5 life forms including submerged, free-floating, emergent, hygrophytic and floating-leaved plants. Among them, hygrophytic plants (19 species) were the most, while floating-leaved plants (5 species) were the fewest. The floristic components were complex and diverse, dominated by cosmopolitan elements (51.2% of genera and 53.2% of species), and temperate and tropical elements complemented each other synergistically to jointly maintain the diversity of aquatic plants in the region. The phenological cycle had distinct characteristics with obvious seasonal variations, endowing the aquatic plants with high ornamental value. 5 species of invasive alien plants were found, which had not broken out on a large scale yet but posed certain potential ecological risks. The results showed that this reach had a richer diversity of aquatic plant species. Hydrocotyle verticillata and Cabomba caroliniana had established stable populations in study area through natural and anthropogenic dispersal. Based on the research results, strategies for landscape improvement of this reach were put forward from 5 dimensions: community structure optimization, invasive plant prevention and control, water quality improvement, integration of ecology and human culture, and long-term scientific research and management. This study provided a reference for the protection of aquatic plant resources in similar regions.
Key words: aquatic plants; species; phenological cycle; invasive plants
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