安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 35 - 37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.008
蓝莓全产业链生态种植技术
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童文花(1967—),女,安徽歙县人,高级农艺师,从事园艺等农业技术推广工作。 |
Office editor: 吴思文
收稿日期: 2025-04-18
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
Ecological cultivation technology for blueberry whole industry chain
Received date: 2025-04-18
Online published: 2026-03-12
本文从园地选择、土壤改良、品种选择、栽培、田间管理等方面总结了蓝莓全产业链生态种植技术。综合考量光照、土壤与地形条件,优先选取向阳山坡或开阔平地等光照充足区域,土壤pH以4.0~5.0为宜,保证地势平坦、排水通畅;施用硫磺粉调节土壤pH,施用腐熟农家肥、草炭土等有机物料增加土壤有机质含量;北方寒冷地区选择矮丛或半高丛蓝莓品种;南方温暖湿润地区选择种植南高丛或兔眼蓝莓品种;蓝莓的最佳栽种时间在12月至次年1月,按主栽品种与授粉品种3∶1或4∶1的比例配置授粉树;加强田间管理,增施有机肥、微生物菌肥,合理修剪;采用农业防治(优选抗病品种、及时清除病残体等)、物理防治(诱虫板等)和生物防治(天敌昆虫、生物制剂等)措施对病虫害进行绿色防控;精细化采收、冷链运输。本文为蓝莓绿色生态种植及蓝莓产业可持续发展提供参考。
童文花 . 蓝莓全产业链生态种植技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(5) : 35 -37 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.008
This article summarized the ecological cultivation techniques for blueberry whole industry chain from aspects such as site selection, soil improvement, variety selection, cultivation, and field management. Considering factors such as sunlight, soil and terrain conditions, priority is given to choosing sunny hillsides or open plains with sufficient sunlight. The soil pH should be between 4.0 and 5.0, and the terrain must be flat and have good drainage. Sulfur powder is applied to adjust the soil pH, and organic materials such as decomposed farmyard manure and peat soil are used to increase the organic matter content of the soil. In cold northern regions, dwarf or semi-highbush blueberry varieties can be chosen; in warm and humid southern regions, southern highbush or rabbiteye blueberry varieties can be planted. The best time for planting blueberries is from December to January of the following year. Pollen trees should be planted in a ratio of 3∶1 or 4∶1 according to the main cultivar and pollinator cultivar. Strengthen field management, apply organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizer, and perform reasonable pruning. Adopt agricultural control measures (preferably using disease-resistant varieties, timely removing diseased and dead plants, etc.), physical control (such as insect traps)and biological control (predatory insects, biological preparations, etc.) measures for green control of diseases and pests. Implement precise harvesting and cold chain transportation. This article provides a reference for the green ecological cultivation of blueberries and the sustainable development of the blueberry industry.
Key words: blueberry; ecological cultivation; green control; cultivation management
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