安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 5 - 11
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.002
外源硅增强水稻幼苗耐盐性机理分析
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刘 艳(1982—),女,山西高平人,博士,研究员,从事水稻抗逆性研究。 |
Office editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-05-13
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
基金资助
国家水稻产业技术体系连云港综合试验站(CARS-01-59)
生物育种钟山实验室资助项目(ZSBBL-KY2024-01)
江苏省农业农村厅揭榜挂帅(BGS〔2021〕043)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20221276)
连云港市重点研发计划(社会发展)(SF2221)
Mechanism of exogenous silicon enhancing salt tolerance in rice seedlings
Received date: 2025-05-13
Online published: 2026-03-12
为探究外源硅增强水稻幼苗耐盐性机理,以Nipponbare水稻为试验材料进行水培试验,设置3个处理,分别为营养液组(CK)、0.5% NaCl营养液组和3 mmol/L Na2SiO3+ 0.5% NaCl营养液组,测定各处理下的水稻幼苗盐害症状、生长(苗长、根长等)及生理生化指标[过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量等];利用连粳7号和连粳15号水稻进行盆栽试验,对4种育秧基质处理[育秧基质(对照)、育秧基质+Na2SiO3、育秧基质+1/2硅藻土、育秧基质+1/4硅藻土]的水稻进行盐胁迫(0.5% NaCl)处理,观察各处理的水稻幼苗生长情况及盐离子浓度分布。结果表明,水培试验方面,NaCl处理及NaCl+Na2SiO3处理的水稻幼苗盐害指数分别为63.0%、41.2%;盐胁迫处理3 d,除茎叶干重外,其余指标NaCl处理组均明显低于CK处理(P<0.05),NaCl+Na2SiO3处理的根长、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重和根干重均明显高于NaCl处理(P<0.05);盐胁迫处理7 d,NaCl处理水稻幼苗的生长指标均明显低于CK处理(P<0.05),NaCl+Na2SiO3处理的根长、根鲜重和第3片叶叶长均明显高于NaCl处理(P<0.05);与CK处理相比,NaCl处理的叶片及根部的CAT活性明显降低(P<0.05),MDA含量明显升高(P<0.01),NaCl+Na2SiO3处理的叶片CAT活性明显高于NaCl处理(P<0.05),MDA含量明显低于NaCl处理(P<0.01)。盆栽试验中,各处理的盐害症状由重到轻依次为NaCl>NaCl+1/2硅藻土>NaCl+1/4硅藻土>NaCl+Na2SiO3;与NaCl处理相比,添加外源硅后(Na2SiO3、硅藻土),水稻幼苗根部的Na+含量明显降低(P<0.01);Na2SiO3处理叶片(第5片叶除外)的Na+含量明显增加(P<0.01)。综合表明,盐胁迫通过抑制水稻生长进程、干扰氧化酶活性等途径对植株造成盐害损伤,添加外源硅可通过调控抗氧化酶活性和盐离子分布等,提高水稻幼苗的耐盐能力,缓解盐胁迫。
刘艳 , 迟铭 , 刘晓敏 , 章雨沁 , 邢运高 , 李景芳 , 王德荣 , 周群 , 李健 , 杨波 , 王宝祥 . 外源硅增强水稻幼苗耐盐性机理分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(5) : 5 -11 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.002
To explore the mechanism underlying the enhancement of salt tolerance in rice seedlings by exogenous silicon, a hydroponic experiment was conducted using Nipponbare as the test material. 3 treatments were established, namely the nutrient solution group (CK), the 0.5% NaCl nutrient solution group, and the 3 mmol/L Na₂SiO₃ + 0.5% NaCl nutrient solution group. The salt injury symptoms, growth parameters (including seedling length, root length, etc.) and physiological and biochemical indices [including catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, etc.] were determined for each treatment. A pot experiment was performed for verification, with Lianjing 7 and Lianjing 15 as the test materials. 4 rice seedling raising substrate treatments were set up: seedling raising substrate (control), seedling raising substrate + Na₂SiO₃, seedling raising substrate + 1/2 diatomite, and seedling raising substrate + 1/4 diatomite, followed by salt stress treatment with 0.5% NaCl for all substrate groups. The seedling growth status and salt ion concentration distribution were observed across the 4 treatments. The results showed that in the hydroponic experiment, the salt injury indices of rice seedlings under the NaCl treatment and the NaCl + Na₂SiO₃ treatment were 63.0% and 41.2%, respectively. After 3 days of salt stress treatment, all the tested indices of the NaCl treatment group were significantly lower than those of the CK group (P<0.05), except for the shoot dry weight; the root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight of the NaCl + Na₂SiO₃ treatment group were significantly higher than those of the NaCl treatment group (P<0.05). After 7 days of salt stress treatment, all the growth indices of rice seedlings under the NaCl treatment were significantly lower than those under the CK treatment (P<0.05); the root length, root fresh weight and the length of the third leaf in the NaCl + Na₂SiO₃ treatment group were significantly higher than those in the NaCl treatment group (P<0.05). Compared with the CK treatment, the NaCl treatment resulted in a significant decrease in CAT activity (P<0.05)and a significant increase in MDA content in both leaves and roots (P<0.01); in contrast, the NaCl + Na₂SiO₃ treatment caused a significant increase in leaf CAT activity(P<0.05) and a significant decrease in MDA content compared with the NaCl treatment (P<0.01). In the pot experiment, the severity of salt injury symptoms among all treatments followed the order of NaCl > NaCl + 1/2 diatomite > NaCl + 1/4 diatomite > NaCl + Na₂SiO₃. Compared with the NaCl treatment, the application of exogenous silicon (in the form of Na₂SiO₃ and diatomite) led to a significant decrease in Na⁺ content in rice seedling roots (P<0.01), while the Na⁺ content in leaves (except for the fifth leaf) was significantly increased with the Na₂SiO₃ treatment (P<0.01). Overall, the results demonstrate that salt stress causes damage to rice plants by inhibiting growth processes and interfering with oxidase activity, whereas the application of exogenous silicon can improve the salt tolerance of rice seedlings and alleviate salt stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme activity and salt ion distribution.
Key words: rice; salt stress; exogenous silicon; pot experiment
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