安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 63 - 68
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.015
人工模拟降雨下砂姜黑土坡面产流产沙特征研究
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周 超(1990—),男,安徽无为人,工程师,从事水文水资源研究工作。 |
Office editor: 何艳
收稿日期: 2025-03-06
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
基金资助
安徽省自然科学基金项目“面向多功能协调发展的淮北平原调水受水区水资源优化调控技术研究”(2208085)
Research on runoff and sediment yield characteristics of Shajiang black soil slope under artificial simulated rainfall
Received date: 2025-03-06
Online published: 2026-03-12
本研究通过人工模拟降雨试验,分析了砂姜黑土在不同降雨强度(40、60、80 mm/h)和坡度(2°、4°、6°、8°)条件下的产流、产沙规律。结果表明,初始产流时间与降雨强度、坡度均呈负相关,与降雨强度呈二元多项式函数关系,与坡度呈幂函数关系;产流率随降雨历时变化表现为初期快速上升,拐点过渡期坡度越大拐点出现越早,稳定波动期振幅随降雨强度增大而增大,80 mm/h降雨强度时最大产流率达30 L/min;产沙率随降雨历时变化表现为初期快速增大,拐点过渡期坡度越大,拐点出现越早,稳定波动期产沙率进入准稳态,降雨强度越大,振荡越剧烈,侵蚀进入平衡状态,产沙率趋于平缓,在8°坡、80 mm/h降雨强度时产沙峰值达1 103 g/min;产流与产沙总量回归方程表明,坡度对砂姜黑土产流量的影响程度大于降雨强度,降雨强度对砂姜黑土产沙量的影响程度大于坡度。
周超 , 李伟 . 人工模拟降雨下砂姜黑土坡面产流产沙特征研究[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(5) : 63 -68 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.05.015
This study investigated the runoff and sediment yield patterns of Shajiang black soil through artificial simulated rainfall experiments under varying rainfall intensities (40, 60, 80 mm/h) and slope gradients (2°, 4°, 6°, 8°). The results showed that the initial runoff time was negatively correlated with both rainfall intensity and slope gradient. Specifically, it followed a binary polynomial function with rainfall intensity and a power function with slope gradient. The runoff rate changed with rainfall duration as follows: it rose rapidly in the initial stage, transitioned through an inflection point that occurred earlier on steeper slopes, and then entered a stable fluctuation phase where the amplitude increased with greater rainfall intensity. Under the rainfall intensity of 80 mm/h, the maximum runoff rate reached 30 L/min. Similarly, the sediment yield rate exhibited a rapid increase initially, passed an earlier inflection point on steeper slopes, and then attained a quasi-steady state during the stable fluctuation phase. Higher rainfall intensities led to more pronounced oscillations, and as the erosion process approached equilibrium, the sediment yield rate tended to stabilize. The peak sediment yield was recorded at 1 103 g/min under an 8° slope and 80 mm/h rainfall intensity. Furthermore, the regression equations established for total runoff and sediment yield indicated that slope gradient had a greater influence on runoff volume than rainfall intensity, whereas rainfall intensity exerted a stronger effect on sediment yield than slope gradient.
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