安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 25 - 28
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.007
三门县甜瓜—秋马铃薯轮作栽培技术
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陈柳霖(1997—),女,浙江三门人,助理农艺师,从事农业技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2025-08-25
网络出版日期: 2026-03-27
Rotation cultivation technique of muskmelon-autumn potato in Sanmen County
Received date: 2025-08-25
Online published: 2026-03-27
本文总结了浙江省三门县甜瓜与秋马铃薯的高效轮作模式及栽培技术要点。茬口安排上,甜瓜于12月中下旬播种,次年1月初定植,采收期从4月上旬持续至7月底;秋马铃薯于9月中旬播种,12月初采收。甜瓜栽培技术要点包括选择抗性强、商品性好的品种(东方蜜一号等),施足基肥;采用营养钵育苗,控制温、湿度;采用双蔓爬地栽培方式;田间管理采用水肥一体化技术,合理追肥,通过整枝疏果和辅助授粉提高坐果率,并综合防治病虫害。秋马铃薯栽培技术要点包括选用本地小黄种,种薯消毒催芽,播种前彻底清园深耕,无需施基肥;以5 000~5 500粒/667 m2密度播种;田间管理以控苗为主,适时追肥浇水,中耕培土,并重点防治早疫病、晚疫病及地下害虫。该模式经济效益显著(净收益较单种甜瓜增加2 800元/667 m2)、生态效益突出(改善土壤结构,高效利用甜瓜残留的钾素,减少土传病害和农药施用)、社会效益良好(增加就业机会,保障本地马铃薯供给)。本文为相关地区作物轮作栽培提供参考。
陈柳霖 . 三门县甜瓜—秋马铃薯轮作栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(6) : 25 -28 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.007
This paper summarized the efficient rotation model and key cultivation techniques of muskmelon and autumn potatoes in Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province. In terms of crop scheduling, muskmelons were sown in mid-to-late December, transplanted in early January of the following year, and harvested from early April to the end of July. Autumn potatoes were sown in mid-September and harvested in early December. Key cultivation techniques for muskmelons include selecting varieties with strong resistance and good marketability, such as Dongfangmi No.1, and applying sufficient base fertilizer; using nutrient bowl seedlings with controlled temperature and humidity; adopting a double-vine creeping cultivation method; implementing integrated water and fertilizer management in the field with reasonable topdressing; improving fruit set through pruning, fruit thinning, and assisted pollination; and implementing integrated pest management. Key cultivation techniques for autumn potatoes include selecting the local Xiaohuangzhong variety, disinfecting and pre-sprouting the seed tubers, thoroughly cleaning the field and deep plowing before sowing without applying base fertilizer; sowing at a density of 5 000 to 5 500 seeds/667 m2; focusing on seedling control in field management, timely topdressing and irrigation, intertillage and hilling; and focusing on the control of early blight, late blight, and underground pests. This rotation model yields significant economic benefits (net income increased by 2 800 yuan/667 m2 compared to monocropped muskmelon), prominent ecological benefits (improved soil structure, efficient utilization of residual potassium from muskmelons, reduced soil-borne diseases and pesticide application), and good social benefits (increased employment opportunities, ensured local potato supply). This study provides a reference for crop rotation cultivation in relevant regions.
Key words: muskmelon; potato; rotation cultivation; economic benefits
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