安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 52 - 56
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.014
小麦叶锈病抗性基因定位研究进展
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姚红妮(1992—),女,陕西西安人,硕士,农艺师,从事小麦遗传育种工作。 |
Copy editor: 周泳利
收稿日期: 2025-04-18
网络出版日期: 2026-03-27
基金资助
陕西省农业农村厅科技创新项目“咸阳市绿色高效小麦新品种选育与示范”(NYKJ-2024-ST(XY)01)
秦创原咸阳种业创新项目(qcyzycx-nkqn2023-3)
Research progress on the mapping of wheat leaf rust resistance genes
Received date: 2025-04-18
Online published: 2026-03-27
为系统推进多基因聚合育种,本研究综述了小麦叶锈病抗性(Lr)基因定位方法、定位成果及挑战与展望。在抗病基因鉴定方面,已通过遗传连锁图谱构建、全基因组关联分析、突变体库筛选及转录组测序等基因定位方法,定位了较多小麦叶锈病抗性基因和抗性数量性状位点(QTL)基因。其中,部分Lr基因来源于小麦近缘物种,已命名的Lr基因主要属于苗期抗性基因;部分基因已通过分子标记辅助选择应用于育种实践。然而,小麦基因组庞大且复杂,多数鉴定出的Lr基因已被病原菌克服,加之分子标记开发不足,限制了抗病基因的高效利用。未来,多基因聚合、基因编辑技术、区域性资源共享及智能栽培技术的联合应用,将有望培育出兼具高产稳产和广谱抗性的优质小麦品种。本文为小麦抗叶锈病基因挖掘与育种利用提供参考。
姚红妮 , 刘忠艳 , 蒋会利 , 魏艳丽 , 姚俭昕 , 王彬龙 , 张平 , 李瑞国 . 小麦叶锈病抗性基因定位研究进展[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(6) : 52 -56 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.014
To systematically promote multi-gene pyramiding breeding, this study reviewed the mapping methods, mapping achievements, challenges, and prospects of leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes in wheat. In the identification of disease resistance genes, numerous wheat leaf rust resistance genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance have been mapped using gene mapping strategies, including the construction of genetic linkage maps, genome-wide association study (GWAS), mutant library screening, and transcriptome sequencing. Some Lr genes were derived from wheat relatives, and most of the named Lr genes were seedling resistance genes. Several of these genes have been applied in breeding practice via marker-assisted selection. However, the large and complex wheat genome, the breakdown of most identified Lr genes by the pathogen, and the insufficient development of molecular markers have limited the efficient utilization of disease resistance genes. In the future, the combined application of multi-gene pyramiding, gene editing technology, regional germplasm resource sharing, and intelligent cultivation techniques is expected to breed high-quality wheat varieties with high and stable yield as well as broad-spectrum resistance. This paper provides a reference for the mining and breeding utilization of wheat leaf rust resistance genes.
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