安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 84 - 87
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.022
几何形态测量学在植物学领域的应用进展
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王 伟(1982—),男,河南唐河人,助理农艺师,从事植物保护相关工作。 |
Copy editor: 何艳
收稿日期: 2025-04-15
网络出版日期: 2026-03-27
Application of geometric morphometrics in the field of Botany
Received date: 2025-04-15
Online published: 2026-03-27
本文系统梳理了近年来几何形态测量学(Geometric morphometrics,GM)在植物学领域的应用进展,归纳了其应用领域和研究趋势。应用领域方面,GM被广泛应用于植物分类与鉴定(如槲属近缘种区分、石楠属杂交种鉴定、板栗品种及菟丝子种子鉴别)、形态建模与数学解析(如竹类叶形Gielis方程拟合、慈姑属叶脉拓扑分析),农业、生态与遗传研究(如茶树虫害评估、海拔与叶形可塑性关联、土壤养分与形态关联、遗传机制解析)。在研究趋势层面,GM正向多组学整合与跨学科应用拓展,在古植物学、生物力学及仿生学等领域展现出重要潜力。综上,GM以其高精度、可重复性与多尺度整合能力,正推动植物形态研究从经验描述向“形态—基因—环境”协同分析跨越,为植物学研究及农业生产提供参考。
王伟 , 赵琳超 , 侯雪梅 , 潘鹏亮 . 几何形态测量学在植物学领域的应用进展[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(6) : 84 -87 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.06.022
This paper systematically reviewed the recent research progress of geometric morphometrics (GM) in botany, and summarized its application fields and research trends. At the technical level, GM, centered on landmarks and semi-landmarks combined with Procrustes analysis and multivariate statistics, achieves standardized description and reproducible comparison of plant morphology. At the application level, GM is widely used in plant classification and identification (e.g., distinguishing closely related Quercus species, identifying Photinia hybrids, discriminating Castanea mollissima cultivars and Cuscuta seeds), morphological modeling and mathematical analysis (e.g., fitting bamboo leaf shapes with the Gielis equation, topological analysis of Sagittaria leaf venation), as well as agricultural, ecological, and genetic research (e.g., assessing tea plant pest damage, analyzing leaf shape plasticity along altitudinal gradients, exploring soil nutrient-morphology correlations, and QTL mapping). At the research trend level, GM is advancing towards multi-omics integration and interdisciplinary applications, demonstrating significant potential in paleobotany, biomechanics, and bionics. This paper indicated that GM, with its high precision, reproducibility, and multi-scale integration capabilities, is propelling plant morphological research from empirical description towards a synergistic “morphology-gene-environment” analysis, providing scientific support for plant taxonomy, ecological adaptation studies, and precision agricultural management.
Key words: geometric morphometrics; technical principle; Botany; classification; application
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