安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 7: 14 - 17
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.07.004
青稞抗寒生理与分子机制研究进展
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杨 春(1999—),男,河北邢台人,硕士研究生,从事高原作物栽培与耕作研究。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2025-07-11
网络出版日期: 2026-04-14
Research progress on physiological and molecular mechanisms of cold resistance in hulless barley
Received date: 2025-07-11
Online published: 2026-04-14
青稞作为高原地区的重要粮食作物,其抗寒机制解析对保障区域粮食安全及产业发展至关重要。本文系统综述了青稞对低温胁迫的适应性、生理响应、分子机制及抗寒研究的应用案例。适应性及生理响应方面,青稞具有高寒耐受性,在-10 ℃低温环境中仍能维持基础代谢;其通过动态调节抗氧化酶活性、积累渗透调节物质及增强细胞膜稳定性形成协同防御体系,维持低温下的代谢功能。分子机制层面,ICE1-CBF信号通路作为低温响应的核心枢纽,其通过级联调控下游冷响应基因(COR家族)的表达增强植株抗性;同时,HvPrx2基因通过清除活性氧维持氧化还原稳态,多基因协同作用实现低温适应。应用方面,基于低温胁迫生理响应及分子机制研究,可定向选育高寒适生品种(‘昆仑12号’‘藏青17’等),改进栽培技术(适当提前青稞播种期,采用可降解地膜覆盖栽培技术,促进渗透物质合成与积累,提高种子发芽率)。本文为青稞的抗寒机制研究及应用提供参考。
杨春 , 乔云祥 , 卓嘎 . 青稞抗寒生理与分子机制研究进展[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(7) : 14 -17 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.07.004
As an important food crop in plateau regions, dissecting the cold resistance mechanism of hulless barley is crucial for ensuring regional food security and industrial development. This paper systematically reviews the adaptability, physiological responses, molecular mechanisms, and research applications of hulless barley under low-temperature stress. In terms of adaptability and physiological responses, hulless barley exhibits strong tolerance to alpine environments and can maintain basic metabolism even at -10 ℃. It forms a synergistic defense system by dynamically regulating antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulating osmotic adjustment substances, and enhancing cell membrane stability, thereby sustaining metabolic functions under low temperatures. At the molecular mechanism level, the ICE1-CBF signaling pathway serves as a core hub in the low-temperature response. It enhances plant stress resistance by cascadingly regulating the expression of downstream cold-responsive genes (COR family). Meanwhile, the HvPrx2 gene maintains redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Multiple genes function coordinately to achieve low-temperature adaptation. In terms of application, based on the research on physiological responses and molecular mechanisms under low-temperature stress, targeted breeding of alpine adaptable varieties (such as ‘Kunlun No.12’ and ‘Zangqing 17’) can be carried out, and cultivation techniques can be improved by appropriately advancing the sowing date of hulless barley and adopting degradable plastic film mulching cultivation technology, so as to promote the synthesis and accumulation of osmotic substances and increase the seed germination rate. This review provides a reference for the research and application of cold resistance mechanisms in hulless barley.
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