安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 8: 104 - 107
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.08.024
副高边缘弱冷空气侵入引发的洛阳市强对流天气过程分析
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冯静伊(2000—),女,河南洛阳人,硕士,助理工程师,从事天气分析与预报工作。 |
收稿日期: 2025-10-16
网络出版日期: 2026-04-29
Analysis of a severe convective weather process in Luoyang City triggered by weak cold air intrusion at the edge of the subtropical high
Received date: 2025-10-16
Online published: 2026-04-29
为提升河南省洛阳地区强对流暴雨的预报预警能力,利用MICAPS气象数据资料、区域自动站的降水数据及雷达卫星监测资料,对2025年8月23日该区域发生的一次暴雨过程进行大气环流背景分析、物理量诊断及雷达回波特征分析。环流背景分析表明,此次过程是在副高东退背景下由高空槽引导的弱冷空气与西南暖湿气流交汇触发;地面冷锋及低空暖切是造成短时强降水的直接原因。物理量诊断发现,持续的偏南风水汽输送为持续性降水提供了有利的水汽支撑;热力抬升提供了初始不稳定状态,动力抬升有效释放不稳定能量,暖湿气团决定了降水的强度和效率;冷锋入侵决定了降水的开始时间、主要落区和组织形态。雷达回波特征分析表明,研究区西部上空出现一条呈南北向分布的对流回波带,并整体逐渐向东移动,触发了局部地区的降水。本研究揭示了多尺度系统相互作用机制,为暴雨精细化预报和农业生产的灾害风险防范提供了依据。
冯静伊 . 副高边缘弱冷空气侵入引发的洛阳市强对流天气过程分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(8) : 104 -107 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.08.024
To improve the forecasting and early warning capability of severe convective rainstorms in Luoyang, Henan Province, this study analyzed the atmospheric circulation background, diagnoses physical quantities, and investigated radar echo characteristics of a rainstorm event that occurred in this region on August 23, 2025, using MICAPS meteorological data, precipitation data from regional automatic stations, and radar and satellite monitoring data. Circulation background analysis indicated that this event was triggered by the interaction between weak cold air guided by an upper-level trough and southwest warm-wet airflows against the background of the western Pacific subtropical high retreating eastward. The surface cold front and low-level warm shear line were the direct causes of the short-duration heavy rainfall. Physical quantity diagnosis revealed that,sustained southerly water vapor transport provided favorable water vapor support for persistent precipitation; thermal uplift created the initial unstable state, dynamic uplift effectively released unstable energy, warm-moist air masses determined the intensity and efficiency of precipitation, and the invasion of the cold front determined the onset time, main rainfall areas and organizational structure of precipitation. Analysis of radar echo characteristics showed that a north-south oriented convective echo belt appeared over the western part of the study area, which gradually moved eastward as a whole and triggered precipitation in local regions. This study reveals the interaction mechanism of multi-scale systems, providing a scientific basis for refined rainstorm forecasting and disaster risk prevention in agricultural production.
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