本文从小麦品种选择、精细整地、滴灌设备与铺设、科学播种等方面介绍了河南省安阳市小麦滴灌水肥一体化种植技术。生产中，宜选择节水耐旱、高产稳产、适宜机收的半冬性小麦品种（安麦1350等）；选择土壤疏松、保水保肥能力强的地块进行旋耕整地。采用浅埋或地表铺设模式，沿着小麦种植平行方向进行滴灌设备（首部枢纽、输配水管网）铺设；于10月5—25日，耕层土壤相对含水量不低于70%时，及时趁墒播种，播种深度3～5 cm，播种量在8～15 kg/666.7 m²。水肥管理遵循“少量多次，营养均衡”原则，12月上旬在苗情调查的基础上进行越冬期水肥管理，一类苗无需追肥，二类、三类苗通过灌溉越冬水追施尿素3～4 kg/666.7 m²；小麦返青拔节期至灌浆期，根据不同时期土壤含水量灌对应水量，并结合灌水，分时期追施尿素、钾肥等，其间做好灌溉设备的维护（清洗过滤器，检查灌溉管网）。施用30 g/L甲基二磺隆可分散油悬浮剂、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油等药剂防治杂草；施用20%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、5%阿维菌素悬浮剂等药剂防治纹枯病、蚜虫等病虫害。在小麦蜡熟末期至完熟初期、籽粒含水量小于13%时收获。本文为类似区域小麦滴灌水肥一体化种植提供技术参考。

This paper introduced the integrated drip irrigation and fertigation technology for wheat in Anyang City, Henan Province, from the aspects of variety selection, fine land preparation, drip irrigation equipment installation and layout, as well as scientific sowing. In production, semi-winter wheat varieties with water-saving, drought-tolerant, high and stable yield, and mechanical harvesting suitability are recommended, such as Anmai 1350. Fields with loose soil and strong water and nutrient retention capacity are selected for rotary tillage and land preparation. Drip irrigation systems (main hub and water pipeline network) are laid parallel to the planting direction using shallow burial or surface layout. Sowing should be carried out timely from October 5 to 25 when the relative soil moisture content in the plow layer is no less than 70%, with a sowing depth of 3–5 cm and a seeding rate of 8–15 kg/666.7 m². The integrated water and fertilizer management of wheat should follow the principle of “small amount and frequent application with balanced nutrition”. Water and fertilizer management for overwintering should be implemented in early December based on seedling investigation. No topdressing is required for class-Ⅰ seedlings, while urea at 3–4 kg/666.7 m² should be applied with overwintering irrigation for class-Ⅱ and class-Ⅲ seedlings. From the regreening and jointing stage to the filling stage, appropriate irrigation volume should be applied according to soil moisture content at different growth stages, combined with split topdressing of urea and potassium fertilizer. Meanwhile, maintenance of irrigation equipment should be performed, including filter cleaning and pipeline inspection. Weed control is conducted using 30 g/L mesosulfuron-methyl OD and 20% fluroxypyr EC, etc. Diseases and pests such as sharp eyespot and aphids are controlled with 20% imidacloprid WP and 5% abamectin SC, etc. Harvesting is performed from late wax maturity to early full maturity when the grain moisture content is below 13%. This study offers technical references for integrated drip irrigation and fertigation in wheat cultivation for similar regions.