安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 10: 14 - 16
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.10.005
淮南市小麦种植现状及技术优化策略
Current status and technical optimization strategies of wheat cultivation in Huainan City
Received date: 2025-09-12
Online published: 2026-05-28
本文结合安徽省淮南市小麦种植实践,重点分析了该地区的小麦种植现状及种植中有待提升的环节,并提出技术提升策略。研究区种植小麦品种以半冬性为主,主要种植模式是稻麦轮作,推广深耕、施肥、播种、镇压一体化整地播种技术,利用植保无人机等药械开展病虫害防治工作。然而,在品种及播种选择、深耕技术应用、施肥管理及病虫害防治等方面仍有待进一步提升。基于此,提出以下策略:选择优质、高产、抗病性强的小麦品种(安农0711、华成3366等);利用机械条播,提升播种质量,半冬性小麦的适播期为10 月上中旬左右,播种量在12.5~15.0 kg/667 m2;春性小麦的适播期为10 月下旬至11月上旬,播种量为15 kg/667 m2;种植小麦地块每2~3年采取犁耕深翻作业技术深翻1次,犁耕深度在20 cm以上;利用测土配方施肥技术,施纯氮15 kg/667 m2、五氧化二磷 6 kg/667 m2、氧化钾 10 kg/667 m2、硫酸锌 1.5 kg/667 m2;重点防治小麦纹枯病(返青拔节期施用苯醚甲环唑、噻呋酰胺等)和赤霉病(扬花初期施用氰烯菌酯、戊唑醇等)。本文为当地小麦产业可持续高质量发展提供参考。
杨会忠 . 淮南市小麦种植现状及技术优化策略[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(10) : 14 -16 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.10.005
Based on the wheat planting practice in Huainan City, Anhui Province, this paper systematically analyzed the current situation of wheat production and the weak links in cultivation, and proposed targeted technical optimization strategies. Wheat production in the study area is dominated by semi-winter wheat with a typical rice-wheat rotation system. Integrated farming and sowing technologies including deep tillage, fertilization, seeding and soil compaction have been widely popularized, and plant protection drones and other modern pesticide application equipments have been applied for disease and pest control. Nevertheless, prominent deficiencies still exist in variety selection, sowing management, popularization of deep tillage, fertilization regulation and disease and pest control. In view of the above problems, the corresponding improvement measures were proposed. Select high quality, high yield and disease-resistant wheat varieties, such as Annong 0711 and Huacheng 3366; adopting mechanical drill seeding to improve sowing quality. The suitable sowing period for semi-winter wheat is early to mid-October with the seeding rate of 12.5-15.0 kg/667 m2; the suitable sowing period for spring wheat is from late October to early November with the seeding rate of 15 kg /667 m2. Implement deep ploughing with a depth of more than 20 cm once every 2 to 3 years. Carry out soil testing and formulated fertilization, with the application rates of 15 kg/667 m2 pure nitrogen, 6 kg/667 m2 phosphorus pentoxide, 10 kg/667 m2 potassium oxide and 1.5 kg/667 m2 zinc sulfate. Focus on the prevention and control of wheat sharp eyespot and Fusarium head blight. Benzene ether difenoconazole and thifluzamide are recommended at the returning green and jointing stage for sharp eyespot, while cyanovirin and tebuconazole are applied at the early flowering stage to control Fusarium head blight. This study can provide a scientific reference for the sustainable and high quality development of wheat industry in local areas.
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