安徽农学通报 >
2026 , Vol. 32 >Issue 10: 31 - 34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.10.009
温室黄瓜嫁接育苗与病虫害防治技术
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高翠兰(1987—),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士,讲师,从事园艺植物生产技术研究。 |
收稿日期: 2025-05-20
网络出版日期: 2026-05-28
基金资助
阜阳职业技术学院横向研究项目(2025FZYHXKYPT102)
阜阳职业技术学院横向研究项目(2025FZYHXKT093)
Greenhouse cucumber grafting seedling cultivation and disease and pest control techniques
Received date: 2025-05-20
Online published: 2026-05-28
嫁接育苗利用抗性砧木替换黄瓜根系,可抵御土传病虫害。完善嫁接栽培管理与病虫害防治技术,对保障黄瓜安全生产具有重要意义。本文总结了黄瓜嫁接育苗和病虫害防治技术。嫁接育苗技术主要包括采用南瓜作为砧木,黄瓜种子用50 ℃热水杀菌处理后置于30 ℃环境恒温催芽;嫁接采用黄瓜顶端插接法,确保嫁接苗4片子叶呈十字交叉排列;嫁接后及时进行遮光、保温、保湿处理,其间定期摘除砧木腋芽,待嫁接苗长至3叶1心期时进行定植。病虫害防治技术遵循“预防为主,综合防治”的植保方针,主要包括农业防治(温湿度精准调控、抗病品种选用、适期科学播种及合理轮作倒茬等)、物理防治(悬挂黄板、安装杀虫灯、设置防虫网等)与生物防治(释放天敌昆虫、施用生物农药等)。该综合防控体系有利于维护农田生态平衡,推动农业生态系统可持续发展,实现经济效益与生态效益协同提升,可为黄瓜绿色高效及可持续生产提供参考。
高翠兰 , 李东林 , 邓来龙 , 张士勇 , 李亭 . 温室黄瓜嫁接育苗与病虫害防治技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2026 , 32(10) : 31 -34 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2026.10.009
Grafting seedling cultivation involves replacing the root system of cucumbers with resistant rootstocks, which can resist soil-borne diseases and pests. Improving the management of grafting cultivation and disease and pest control techniques has great significance for ensuring the safe production of cucumbers. This article summarized the cucumber grafting seedling cultivation and disease and pest control techniques. The grafting seedling cultivation technology mainly includes using pumpkin as the rootstock, sterilizing cucumber seeds with 50 ℃ hot water, and then placing them in a 30 ℃ environment for constant temperature germination. The grafting is carried out using the top insertion method of cucumbers. Ensure that the four leaflets of the grafted seedlings are arranged in a cross pattern; after grafting, timely shading, heating, and moisture retention treatments should be carried out. During this period, the axillary buds of the rootstock should be regularly removed. When the grafted seedlings grow to the 3-leaf 1-heart stage, they should be transplanted. The disease and pest control technology follows the agricultural protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive control”, mainly including agricultural control methods (precise regulation of temperature and humidity, selection of disease-resistant varieties, timely and scientific sowing, and reasonable crop rotation and intercropping, etc.), and physical control methods (hanging yellow boards, installing insect-killing lamps, setting up insect-proof nets, etc.), biological control (release of natural enemy insects, application of biological pesticides, etc.). This comprehensive control system is conducive to maintaining the ecological balance of farmland, promoting the sustainable development of agricultural ecosystems, achieving a synergistic improvement of economic and ecological benefits, and can provide a reference for green, efficient and sustainable production of cucumbers.
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