为探究湘南地区稻田中紫云英与油菜混播对后茬水稻产量以及土壤养分的影响,本试验设置6个处理,分别为冬闲（CK）、单播紫云英（LF01）、单播油菜（LF02）和紫云英油菜混播（LF03—LF05）,对比分析各处理组绿肥生物量、后茬水稻产量及土壤理化性状等。结果表明,紫云英与油菜混播处理的绿肥生物量明显高于单播处理,其中紫云英播种量22.5 kg/hm²,油菜播种量3.0 kg/hm²（LF04）时效果最佳,较紫云英单播和油菜单播分别增加120.9%和39.3%;同时LF04处理较CK处理后茬水稻产量增加17.5%;土壤中有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别提升了9.6%、8.1%、7.5%和9.6%。在湘南地区,相比紫云英、油菜单独播种,紫云英与油菜混播能够有效提高后茬水稻产量、改善土壤肥力,是一种有效的种植模式,适宜在该地区推广。

In order to explore the effects of mixed sowing of Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed on the yield of subsequent rice and soil nutrients in rice fields in southern Hunan Province, this experiment seted up six treatments, including winter fallow (CK), single planting Astragalus sinicus (LF01), single planting rapeseed (LF02), and mixed planting of Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed (LF03-LF05), and the biomass of green manure were compared and analyzed, yield of subsequent rice, and soil physicochemical properties of each treatment. The results showed that the biomass of green manure in the mixed sowing treatment of Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed was significantly higher than that in the single sowing treatment. Among them, the best effect was achieved when the Astragalus sinicus sowing amount was 22.5 kg/hm² and the rapeseed sowing amount was 3.0 kg/hm² (LF04), which increased by 120.9% and 39.3% compared to Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed single sowing, respectively. At the same time, the yield of LF04 treatment increased by 17.5% compared to CK treatment. The content of organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the soil increased by 9.6%, 8.1%, 7.5%, and 9.6%, respectively. In the southern Hunan Province, compared to planting alone with Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed, the mixed planting of Astragalus sinicus and rapeseed can effectively increase the yield of subsequent rice and improve soil fertility. It is an effective planting model and suitable for promotion in the region.