为进一步提高黄河流域石砾山地的植被覆盖率、促进其生态恢复,本研究在青海云杉等7种乔、灌植物中,选择存活率排名前四的树种作为试验树种,开展了4个树种的石砾山地造林技术试验,通过研究不同保水保墒技术对4个树种的生长指标、土壤含水量、土壤温度、土壤肥力、存活率和保存率等指标的影响,筛选出适合该区域的造林技术。结果表明,整地措施能增加土壤含水量;集水托盘措施能提升土壤表层土壤的水分和土壤温度;在石砾山地造林需要结合其他措施进行施肥,以增加土壤中的有机物质含量。施肥+整地+集水托盘组合措施在黄河流域石砾山地干旱造林效果较为明显。该研究为黄河流域石砾山地的生态恢复和水土保持提供参考。

In order to further improve the vegetation coverage and promote ecological restoration in the gravel mountainous areas of the Yellow River Basin, the top 4 tree species with the highest survival rate among 7 species of trees and shrubs were selected, including Picea crassifolia, as experimental tree species. The afforestation technology experiment of gravel mountainous areas was carried out for 4 tree species. By studying the effects of different water and soil moisture retention technologies on the growth indicators, soil moisture content, soil temperature, soil fertility, survival rate, and preservation rate of the 4 tree species, suitable afforestation technologies were screened for the region. The results indicated that land preparation measures could increase the moisture content in the soil. Water collection tray measure could increase the moisture and soil temperature of the surface soil layer. In order to increase the organic matter in the soil, it was necessary to combine other measures for fertilization in the gravel mountain afforestation. Fertilization+land preparation+water collection tray measures had a significant effect on arid afforestation in the gravel mountainous areas of the Yellow River Basin. This study could provide a reference for the ecological restoration and soil and water conservation of gravel mountainous areas in the Yellow River Basin.