本文基于实地调查和资料查阅,分析了皖南地区桃树常见病虫害的发病规律,在此基础上分析了生态调控技术、理化诱控和科学用药等病虫害绿色防控手段。调查结果表明,皖南地区桃树常见病虫害包括蚜虫、桃小食心虫、桃蛀螟、流胶病、细菌性穿孔病和桃树缩叶病等。生产上可通过清园修枝、地膜控草、树干涂白、有机肥施用和果实套袋等生态调控技术,太阳能杀虫灯诱杀、粘虫色板及短稳杆菌等理化诱控技术,以及科学用药技术等绿色防控技术降低虫口密度、改善桃园气候环境,对促进桃果提质增产增效,保证食品和生态安全起着积极作用。针对当前桃树绿色防控技术发展现状,提出出台绿色防控补贴政策,开展绿色防控品牌建设,深入研究绿色防控模式,以及引入智能化监测、识别系统等策略,为皖南地区及相似气候区域桃树病虫害绿色防控技术推广应用提供参考。

Based on field investigation and data reference, the incidence regularity of common diseases and pests in peach trees in southern Anhui Province was analyzed. On this basis, the green prevention and control methods of diseases and pests were summarized, including ecological control technology, physical and chemical attraction control techniques and scientific drug use technology. The survey rssults showed that the common diseases and pests of peach trees in southern Anhui included aphids, Carposina Sasakii, pichocrocis punctiferalis, fluid-gum disease, bacterial perforation disease and peach leaf shrinkage disease. In production, ecological control technologies such as pruning, mulch control, tree white coating, application of organic fertilizer and fruit bagging could be used to reduce insect density and improve the climate environment of peach orchard through green control technologies such as solar insecticidal lamp trapping and killing, armyworm color plate and Empedobacter brevis, as well as scientific drug use technology. It played a positive role in ensuring food and ecological security. In view of the current development status of peach green prevention and control technology, strategies were put forward to introduce green prevention and control subsidy policies, carry out green prevention and control brand building, conduct in-depth research on green prevention and control model, and introduce intelligent monitoring and identification system, so as to provide a reference for the promotion and application of green prevention and control technology of peach diseases and pests in southern Anhui Province and similar climate regions.