安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 13: 19 - 21
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.13.005
太和县皖豆37高产栽培技术及种植效益分析
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孙丽红(1970—),女,安徽太和人,高级农艺师,从事农民教育培训与农业技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2025-04-02
网络出版日期: 2025-07-17
Analysis of high yield cultivation technology and planting benefit of Wandou 37 in Taihe County
Received date: 2025-04-02
Online published: 2025-07-17
本文结合皖豆37在安徽太和县的种植实践,总结了其高产栽培技术要点,并分析了种植效益。其高产栽培技术要点包括合理轮作,选择地势平坦、排灌条件良好的地块;推广“秸秆还田+隔年深翻”技术,构建三沟(主沟、腰沟、厢沟)配套的排水系统;挑选籽粒饱满、纯净的种子,选择35%多克福种衣剂、硼砂、根瘤菌剂等进行拌种;6月10—20日,选择施肥、播种、镇压一体机进行播种,播种深度2~5 cm;种肥同播并侧深施基肥,初花期、鼓粒期追肥,采取滴灌方式适时补充土壤水分;苗前封闭、苗后茎叶防除杂草,适期适药防治蚜虫、豆荚螟等病虫害;植株叶片90%脱落、豆荚呈黄褐色、摇动植株有响声时,采用纵轴流联合收割机收获。皖豆37在研究区配合高产栽培技术种植,获得了较高的经济效益(产值19 575元/hm2;净收益15 735元/hm2)、生态效益(土壤有机质含量提升,土壤肥力和生态系统碳汇能力提高)和社会效益(示范推广高产栽培技术)。本文为黄淮海地区大豆高产栽培提供参考。
孙丽红 . 太和县皖豆37高产栽培技术及种植效益分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(13) : 19 -21 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.13.005
The key points of high yield cultivation techniques were summarized for Wandou 37 based on its planting practice in Taihe County, Anhui Province, and the planting benefits were analyzed. The key points of high yield cultivation techniques include reasonable crop rotation, selecting land with flat terrain and good drainage and irrigation conditions; promoting the technology of “returning straw to the field+deep plowing every other year” and building a drainage system with three ditches (main ditch, waist ditch, and border ditch) supporting facilities; selecting seeds with plump and pure seeds, and mixing them with 35% Duokefu seed coating agent, borax, rhizobia, etc. from June 10th to 20th, choose an integrated machine for fertilization, sowing, and compaction for sowing, with a sowing depth of 2-5 cm; apply base fertilizer deeply on the same side as sowing, apply topdressing during the initial flowering and grain filling stages, and adopt drip irrigation to timely supplement soil moisture; sealed before seedlings, control weeds on stems and leaves after seedlings, and use appropriate pesticides to control diseases and pests such as aphids and pod moths at appropriate times; when 90% of the plant leaves fall off, the pods turn yellow brown, and there was a sound when shaking the plant, a longitudinal flow combine harvester was used for harvesting. Wandou 37 was planted in the research area with high yield cultivation techniques, achieving high economic benefits (output value of 19 575 yuan/hm2, net profit of 15 735 yuan/hm2), ecological benefits (increased soil organic matter content, improved soil fertility and carbon sequestration capacity of the ecosystem), and social benefits (demonstration and promotion of high yield cultivation techniques). This article provides a reference for high yield cultivation of soybeans in the Huang Huai Hai region.
Key words: Wandou 37; cultivation techniques; economic benefits; planting benefits
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