安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 13: 32 - 34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.13.008
大棚黄瓜种植及病虫害防治技术
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毕瑞芝(1970—),女,河北唐山人,高级农艺师,从事植物保护研究。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2024-11-19
网络出版日期: 2025-07-17
Techniques of planting and integrated pest management in greenhouse cucumber
Received date: 2024-11-19
Online published: 2025-07-17
本文总结分析了大棚黄瓜的种植技术及其病虫害防治措施。其种植技术包括选择丰产、抗病、耐低温弱光、商品性好的早熟品种;北方地区春季大棚一般在2月下旬至3月初育黄瓜苗,外界气温稳定在15 ℃以上时定植,播种前采取温汤浸种消毒;施足底肥,定植后白天温度控制在25~32 ℃,夜间15~20 ℃,根据植株生长需求进行适时浇水和追肥。大棚黄瓜常见病虫害有霜霉病、白粉病、疫病、蚜虫、红蜘蛛等;病害防治措施包括选择抗病品种、加强田间管理、及时摘除病叶、进行土壤消毒,适时喷施58%甲霜灵锰锌等药剂;虫害防治措施包括覆盖地膜、喷施苏云金杆菌、释放天敌生物等。本文为推动大棚黄瓜绿色安全生产提供参考。
毕瑞芝 . 大棚黄瓜种植及病虫害防治技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(13) : 32 -34 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.13.008
The planting techniques and disease and pest control measures for greenhouse cucumbers were summarized and analyzed. Its planting techniques include selecting early maturing varieties that are high yielding, disease resistant, tolerant to low temperatures and weak light, and have good commercial value; in spring, cucumber seedlings are usually grown in greenhouses in northern regions from late February to early March. When the external temperature stabilizes above 15 ℃, they are planted and disinfected by soaking the seeds in warm water immeision before sowing; apply sufficient base fertilizer, control the temperature at 25-32 ℃ during the day and 15-20 ℃ at night after planting, and water and fertilize according to the growth needs of the plants at appropriate times. Common disease and pest of greenhouse cucumbers include downy mildew, powdery mildew, blight, aphids, spider mites, etc.; the measures for disease prevention and control include selecting disease resistant varieties, strengthening field management, timely removal of diseased leaves, soil disinfection, and timely spraying of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc and other pesticides; pest control measures include covering with plastic film, spraying with Bacillus thuringiensis, and releasing natural enemies. This article provides references for promoting green and safe production of greenhouse cucumbers.
Key words: greenhouse; cucumber; planting techniques; integrated pest management
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