安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 14: 96 - 98
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.14.021
山羊肝片吸虫病的诊治
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周 源(1996—),男,安徽铜陵人,助理兽医师,从事动物疫病防治、动物卫生监督及畜牧技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 胡立萍
收稿日期: 2024-12-27
网络出版日期: 2025-07-31
Diagnosis and treatment of fascioliasis hepatica in goats
Received date: 2024-12-27
Online published: 2025-07-31
肝片吸虫病是一种由肝片吸虫寄生在动物的肝脏胆管内,引起的寄生虫病。本文对安徽铜陵某养殖户山羊出现的病例进行临床检查,确诊为肝片吸虫病,并提供针对性的治疗方案,提出了相应的预防措施。2024年8月,某养殖户养殖的山羊相继出现体温升高(39.5~41 ℃),黏膜明显苍白等现象;病理特征表现为肝脏组织呈现多处灰黄色坏死灶,色泽晦暗且质地不均,坏死区域边界相对清晰,胆囊与胆管中存在肝片吸虫的幼虫与成虫;虫卵呈棕黄色,最高的粪便虫卵数为7 500个/g,感染强度较高。治疗方面,轻微型山羊选用三氯苯达唑(10 mg/kg)进行驱虫,并辅以精料及免疫调节剂;重症型山羊选用硝氯酚(5~8 mg/kg)进行驱虫,同时采取静脉输液(脱水、电解质紊乱的山羊)、贫血治疗(贫血的山羊)等针对性治疗方式。预防措施包括每年秋末冬初及春初定期驱虫1次,对羊场粪便进行堆积发酵处理,采用焚烧销毁等无害化方式对病山羊进行无害化处理,选择地势高、干燥、通风良好的牧场推行轮牧制度,加强饲草和饮水的源头管控与卫生维护,选用20 mg/L硫酸铜溶液或20%氨水进行灭螺。本文为肝片吸虫病的科学防治提供参考。
周源 . 山羊肝片吸虫病的诊治[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(14) : 96 -98 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.14.021
Fascioliasis hepatica is a parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica that lives in the bile ducts of animals.A clinical examination on a case of goat farming in a certain farmer was comducted in Tongling, Anhui Province, and confirms it was diagnosed as fascioliasis. It targeted treatment plans were provided and corresponding preventive measures were proposed. In August 2024, the goats raised by a certain farmer successively showed symptoms such as elevated body temperature (39.5 to 41℃) and significantly pale mucous membranes. The pathological features were manifested as multiple grayish-yellow necrotic foci in the liver tissue, which were dark in color and uneven in texture. The boundaries of the necrotic areas were relatively clear, and there were larvae and adults of Fasciola hepatica in the gallbladder and bile ducts. The eggs were brownish-yellow. The highest number of fecal eggs was 7 500 per/g, and the infection intensity was relatively high. In terms of treatment, trichlorobendazole (10 mg/kg) was used for deworming in micro and light goats, supplemented with concentrated feed and immunomodulators. For severely affected goats, nitrochlorophenol (5-8 mg/kg) was selected for deworming. At the same time, targeted treatment methods such as intravenous infusion (for dehydrated and electrolyte disordered goats) and anemia treatment (for anemic goats) were adopted. Preventive measures included regular deworming once a year at the end of autumn, the beginning of winter and the beginning of spring, piling and fermenting the manure from the sheep farm, harmless treatment of diseased goats by deep burial or incineration, choosing high altitude, dry and well ventilated pastures and implementing a rotational grazing system, strengthening the source control and hygiene maintenance of forage and drinking water use a 20 mg/L copper sulfate solution or 20% ammonia water for snail extermination. This article provides a reference for the scientific prevention and treatment of fascioliasis.
Key words: goat; Fasciola hepatica; anthelmintic efficacy; parasite control
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