1 播种及秧田管理
1.1 种子处理
1.2 播种育苗
1.3 秧床管理
1.4 适龄移栽
2 大田管理
2.1 水浆管理
2.2 科学施肥
2.3 病虫草害综合防治
2.3.1 杂草防除
唑酰草胺EC和1.5 L/hm2 10%氰氟草酯EC喷施防除;对于阔叶及莎草科杂草,选用0.75 L/hm2 3%氯氟吡啶酯EC或3.0 L/hm2 48%灭草松AS,对水450 kg/hm2均匀喷施防除。提前将施药田块田水排干,药后24~48 h复水,并保持浅水层(3~5 cm)5~7 d[9]。
安徽农学通报 >
2025 , Vol. 31 >Issue 19: 1 - 4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.19.001
杂交稻春优83在江淮地区的毯苗机插高产栽培技术
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周兵(1968—),男,安徽庐江人,研究员,从事农业技术推广工作。 |
Copy editor: 李媛
收稿日期: 2025-02-05
网络出版日期: 2025-10-14
基金资助
国家重点研发计划粮食丰产增效科技创新重点专项(2022YFD2301402)
农业农村部绿色高产高效行动项目(2023)
High yield cultivation techniques of hybrid rice Chunyou 83 with carpet seedlings and mechanical transplanting in Jianghuai region
Received date: 2025-02-05
Online published: 2025-10-14
春优83是以春江88A为母本,T27为父本,系统选育的三系杂交水稻品种,本文从播种及秧田管理、田间管理等方面总结了该品种在江淮地区的毯苗机插高产栽培技术。秧田阶段,采取咪鲜胺等药剂浸种消毒、毯苗机播旱管育秧,培育适龄(≤25 d)健壮、盘根良好的秧苗。大田阶段,水浆管理包括分蘖期浅水勤灌、茎蘖数达目标穗数80%时分次搁田至田板硬实;拔节孕穗至抽穗期保持浅水层;灌浆期采用干湿交替灌溉;收获前7 d断水。施肥遵循“前促、中控、后补”原则,基肥施用配方肥、硅肥和锌肥;分蘖期分2次追施尿素与复合肥;拔节期与幼穗分化期分别施用促花肥与保花肥;齐穗后叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾。杂草防除可在整地后与移栽前后喷施丁草胺等药剂进行2次土壤封闭处理;生长中期根据草相选用针对性除草剂进行茎叶处理。病虫害防治遵循“预防为主,综合防治”原则,采取种植诱集植物等农业措施、喷施生物农药及高效低毒化学药剂进行统防统治。本文为挖掘春优83的高产潜力及进一步推广种植提供参考。
周兵 , 程驭 , 吴晨阳 , 姚勇 , 陈刚 . 杂交稻春优83在江淮地区的毯苗机插高产栽培技术[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2025 , 31(19) : 1 -4 . DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.19.001
Chunyou 83 is a three-line hybrid rice variety systematically bred using Chunjiang 88A as the female parent and T27 as the male parent. The high yield cultivation techniques for carpet seedlings and mechanical transplanting of this variety used in the Jianghuai region were summarized, covering aspects from sowing and seedling management to field management. During the seedling stage, seed disinfection was carried out using agents such as prochloraz, and dry management of carpet seedlings sown by mechanical sowing was adopted to cultivate robust, well-rooted seedlings of suitable age (≤25 days). In the field stage, water management included shallow and frequent irrigation during the tillering stage. When the number of stems and tillers reached 80% of the target panicle number, intermittent drying was applied multiple times until the field surface became firm. From jointing and booting to heading stages, a shallow water layer was maintained. During the grain-filling stage, alternating dry and wet irrigation was adopted, and water was cut off 7 days before harvest. Fertilization followed the principle of “promoting early growth, controlling mid-growth, and supplementing late growth”. Base fertilizer consisted of formula fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer. During the tillering stage, urea and compound fertilizer were applied in two separate topdressings. At the jointing stage and young panicle differentiation stage, flower-promoting fertilizer and flower-preserving fertilizer were applied, respectively. After full heading, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the leaves. For weed control, two soil-sealing treatments were applied using herbicides such as butachlor after land preparation and around the time of transplanting. During the mid-growth stage, targeted herbicides were selected based on the weed spectrum for stem and leaf treatment. The control of diseases and pests adheres to the principle of “prevention first, integrated control”, incorporating agricultural measures such as planting trap crops, along with the application of biopesticides and highly efficient, low-toxicity chemical agents for unified prevention and management. This article provides a reference for exploring the high yield potential of Chunyou 83 and further promoting its planting.
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