Through clonal characteristics including physiological integration and morphological plasticity, Phyllostachys edulis as a large clonal plant can invade the neighborhood ecological community, make other plants disappear from the community gradually in the invaded ecosystem, and threat the stability of the ecosystem. The aim of this review is to summarize the effect of Phyllostachys edulis expansion on soil biological community structure, and the relationship between vegetation succession, floor litter, soil environmental characteristics and soil biological community structure diversity after expansion of Phyllostachys edulis, which can be a reference to the research of ecological control and ecological risk assessment of Phyllostachys edulis expansion, and maintain the stability and balance of ecological service functions in the ecosystem.

由于虾青素其特殊的结构,近年来关于虾青素在水产养殖中的多种重要的生理功能已被报道。本文梳理了虾青素的提取与合成在水产养殖中发挥的各种重要作用,并着重介绍了虾青素的着色功能,促进生长、繁殖、发育等方面的功能,为虾青素在水产养殖中的大规模应用提供参考。

为筛选适合在皖西大别山生态区种植推广的水稻品种, 对来自不同地区的20个水稻新品种进行了引种试验, 研究其全生育期、主要经济性状、产量、农艺性状、综合抗性等, 并对其进行综合评价。结果表明, 等级A类品种有浙两优272、荃优929、粘两优1206、恒丰优金丝占、圳优6377、荃优鄂晶丝苗、华珍115、泰美占、勇两优全赢占、玉晶臻丝、华两优2171, 这11个品种的综合表现优异, 宜作为2022年度引种品种推荐给安徽省农作物新品种测试中心。

地理信息系统（GIS）具有强大的数据计算、统计分析和图表输出功能, 可以结合遥感技术（RS）、全球定位技术（GPS）等实现对林业资源和空间信息的采集、处理、管理、分析和表达等, 简称3S技术, 已被广泛应用于林业外业调查和管理中, 是一项先进的现代信息技术。本文以安徽省霍山县国土绿化试点示范项目为例, 简要介绍了以GIS技术为核心的3S技术手段在林业项目规划设计中的实操应用, 以期为基层林业工作者提供借鉴与参考。

通过离散选择实验方法, 研究郑州市常住市民消费者对可追溯苹果的偏好与支付意愿。鉴于信息干预会影响消费者的偏好与支付意愿, 研究了不同信息干预下对消费者的偏好与支付意愿的影响。利用选择实验方法调查郑州居住居民对苹果产品的属性与偏好。结果表明, 信息干预对消费者偏好与支付意愿有显著的影响;不同信息干预方式对消费偏好与支付意愿的影响不同;从实证结果看, 消费者愿意为可追溯信息支付不同价格, 不同类型消费者的消费偏好存在明显差异。这对可追溯食品推广有重要意义。

Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is a kind of Aflatoxin (AFs), which mainly exists in mouldy feed.To understand the research progress of exogenous compounds that can mitigate the toxic effects of AFB₁, this paper describes the physicochemical properties of AFs and AFB₁, as well as the metabolic detoxification process of AFB₁ in vivo, and combs out 8 exogenous compounds that can alleviate AFB₁ poisoning, such as curcumin, vitamin E and yeast selenium, and their mechanisms of action. AFs is a kind of toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The liver is the main target organ, which has strong carcinogenic, malformation and mutagenicity. Among them, AFB₁ is the most toxic, which can cause oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, gene mutation and immune system damage, etc. In animals, it is mainly metabolized and detoxicated by enzymes such as CYP450s. The common mechanism of action of exogenous compounds such as curcumin is to inhibit or induce the activity of metabolic enzymes in vivo, change the metabolic rate and pathway of toxins, and alleviate the oxidative stress state of animals, so as to slow down the toxic effects of AFB₁. This paper provides references for screening new detoxification drugs and clinical treatment of animal AFB₁ poisoning.

近年来,受养殖规模和养殖密度的增加、养殖水环境恶化及养殖品种苗种质量下降等因素的影响,罗氏沼虾养殖中病害问题日渐突出,严重制约罗氏沼虾产业的健康可持续发展。本文介绍了罗氏沼虾6种病毒性疾病和3种细菌性疾病的症状和病因,并提出了相应的防治策略,为罗氏沼虾病害防治提供参考。

在我国,小麦是仅次于水稻的粮食作物。因不断提升的人口数量、日益减少的耕地面积,人类对提高作物单产的需求也在持续增长。作为农业种植上的自然灾害之一,寒害在我国发生频繁,小麦的寒害以及抗寒性研究也逐渐被重视起来。基于此,本文对小麦抗寒性研究进行了综述,为实现小麦高产、高质提供参考。

欣两优2172是安徽荃银欣隆种业有限公司以不育系新强01S为母本、恢复系R2172为父本配组而成的两系籼型杂交水稻新品种,2018年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种具有高产、抗倒、抗病、抗逆性强,品质优良,熟期适宜等优点,适宜在安徽、江苏等长江中下游地区以及浙江、河南南部、福建北部地区作一季中稻种植。本文介绍了欣两优2172的亲本特征特性以及其在长江中下游地区的高产优质制种技术。

Nitrite is a common pollutant in aquatic environment, which is also toxic to aquatic organisms. Flounder plays an important role in aquaculture at home and abroad and is widely cultivated intensively. In this paper, the source, toxicity mechanism and toxicity influencing factors of nitrite to aquaculture were reviewed. This paper also discussed the effects of nitrate on tissues and organs, stress response, physiological function, immune response and cell apoptosis of flounder.

With the increasing focus on healthy eating, resistant starch has become the focus of research in the food industry. Resistant starch is a type of starch that cannot be absorbed by the human stomach and small intestine under normal physiological conditions, but can be fermented into short-chain fatty acids by gut bacteria in the large intestine and indirectly absorbed by the body. Resistant starch can be divided into five types, among which RS3 resistant starch has the advantages of strong satiety, low digestion rate and low glycemic index, and has high application value in the field of food processing. The main methods for preparing RS3 resistant starch include heat treatment, acid method, enzymatic method, microwave method and ultrasonic method, etc. This paper reviews the preparation methods and current applications of RS3 resistant starch in the food industry, aiming to provide references for the research and development of RS3 resistant starch foods.

玮两优8612是2020年通过国家审定的多穗、优质、多抗、高产的籼型两系杂交水稻品种, 近几年该品种在安徽省庐江县示范推广种植, 取得了良好的效果。本文结合玮两优8612在庐江县的种植实际, 对其农艺性状、抗性及米质、产量表现、种植特性进行总结, 并从良种处理、培育壮秧、适龄移栽、大田肥水管理、病虫草害防治、适时收获等方面介绍了玮两优8612高产栽培技术要点, 以供当地种植参考。

To explore and optimize the preparation method of paraffin tissue section of juvenile zebrafish. 4 d zebrafish juvenile were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 h and then pre-embedded with agar,dehydrated, transparent, impregnated with wax and then embedded with the slices for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The advantages of the agar paraffin double embedding method and the conventional paraffin embedding method were compared. The results showed that the agar-paraffin double embedding method can maintain the morphology and structure of zebrafish juvenile without deformation or fragmentation, and the results under the microscope are obviously clearer than those of ordinary paraffin embedding method. HE staining is good. The agar-paraffin double embedding method can overcome the shortcomings of the conventional paraffin embedding method, and the equipment and operation is simple, easy to be popularized.

Based on the COI gene sequence, 13 species of Acrossocheilus were analysed. The results showed that the genetic distance between species of Acrossocheilus is more than 0.020 0 except for the genetic distance between A. beijiangensis and A. stenotaeniatus (0.015 7). In the phylogenetic tree, A. beijiangensis and A. stenotaeniatus formed as the same clade, which genetic distance less than the level of species classification. The two species may be the same species with two different names. The genetic distance from A. jishouensis, A. parallens and A.hemispinus protrudated into sister branches in phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance from both was obviously greater than 0.020 0, which showed that A. jishouensis is an effective specie. A. hemispinus and A. cinctus were distributed in two independent branches of the phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance between them is larger than that between the species on the same branch, so they should be regarded as two separate species. The results of this study indicate that mitochondrial COI gene sequences are effective for species identification and can be used to explore the phylogeny of Acrossocheilus.

为筛选出适宜安徽省定远县种植的高产优质水稻新品种,本研究开展了36个近3年审定的水稻新品种展示试验,以丰两优四号为对照,对其产量、株型、长势长相、抗倒性和生育期等进行分析。结果表明,华两优2834、云两优2118、玮两优7713、臻两优8612、徽两优丝苗、荃优822、鸿邦两优6363、嘉优中科13-1和荃优169的综合表现较好,产量高、株型紧凑、抗倒性好。

In order to select indica hybrid rice varieties with high safety in Huaihe river's northern area of Jiangsu Province, a comprehensive comparative analysis of 19 hybrid indica rice varieties such as Shenliangyou 8012, including growth period, yield and component factors, lodging resistance, disease resistance and high low temperature tolerance, was conducted in 2022. The results showed that Shenliangyou 8012, Huiliangyou 985 and Gongliangyou-yunongsimiao were safer to plant in Huaihe river's northern area of Jiangsu Province, which had higher yield, higher resistance to disease, lodging and high - low temperature than other varieties.

为了筛选出防治茶树绿盲蝽若虫的有效药剂,指导茶园施药,采用浸叶法测定了7种杀虫剂对茶树绿盲蝽3龄若虫的毒力。结果表明,茚虫威、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺、唑虫酰胺、虫螨腈和噻虫嗪对茶树绿盲蝽3龄若虫的致死中浓度LC₅₀值,药剂处理24 h后,分别为78.06、157.85、170.71、278.98、142.60、169.56和560.03 mg/L;药剂处理48 h后,分别为33.73、42.98、50.61、57.67、96.03、100.86和311.09 mg/L。可见,茚虫威的毒力最高,噻虫嗪的毒力最低。该研究可为茶园绿盲蝽的区域性应急防控提供一定的参考依据,对指导茶园科学用药和实现农药减施具有十分重要的意义。

果蝇人工饲养是实验教学顺利开展的前提。本文从培养瓶的选择、培养基的配制、果蝇的转接和培养温度的控制4个方面,总结了实验室内果蝇的饲养方法,并对实验用果蝇的保种培养技术进行了探究,以供参考与借鉴。

大穗看麦娘是近年新入侵的麦田恶性杂草, 在安徽省淮南市潘集区贺疃镇蔓延, 对小麦的安全生产构成严重威胁。本文通过调研, 分析了其成灾原因, 提出了防除对策, 供各地参考。

为筛选适宜高产需求的水稻品种,并探索其配套栽培技术,本研究开展了中禾优3号等14个杂交水稻品种展示示范试验,对比分析各品种的生育期、抗性和产量等方面表现。结果表明,生育期方面,在当年气候条件下,各参试水稻品种全生育期135~156 d;抗性方面,7个品种发生不同程度倒伏,各品种均未发生稻瘟病、穗颈瘟和纹枯病,另外品种甬优33、甬优69和嘉优8208稻曲病中等发生;产量方面,品种中禾优3号、中禾优6号和嘉禾优726的群体有效穗数较高,属大穗型品种,结实率较高,实际产量分别为13.8、13.1和12.7 t/hm²。综合各品种表现,品种中禾优3号、中禾优6号、嘉禾优726、荃香优89和中禾优5号的产量较高、抗性较好,可作为高产品种在研究区推广种植,并进一步研究其高产栽培技术。

The efficient utilization of rainwater resources is an important way to alleviate the shortage of water resources, prevent urban waterlogging and improve the water ecological environment. CiteSpace software was used to conduct visual analysis in rainwater utilization research which was based on the relevant literature of rainwater utilization research. The research status and hotspots in the field of rainwater utilization were systematically sorted out. The results showed that the higher key words frequency and centrality were rainwater utilization, rainwater resource and sponge city. The research on rainwater utilization in China was mainly divided into 3 stages which were agricultural rainwater utilization, urban rainwater utilization and sponge city, and research hot spots could be summed up 4 aspects which were water collection and utilization, rainwater resource utilization benefit and potential, rainwater runoff pollution and sponge city construction. This article provides reference for water resource utilization and future related research.

Under the background of vigorously developing characteristic agriculture in our country, rice-shrimp co-culture mode, as an important mode of rice-fish farming,has developed rapidly in recent years. This paper analyzes the current situation and problems of rice-shrimp co-cropping industry in Quanjiao County, Chuzhou City, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. It is hoped that this study can provide a reference for the promotion of rice-shrimp co-culture mode, and help farmers improve their planting and breeding benefits to promote rural revitalization.

为更好地预测粮食产量,本研究通过河南省统计年鉴收集相关数据,运用灰色关联分析法筛选出关联度较高的影响因素,并结合实际农业生产活动筛选出最终的影响因素。其间利用GM（1,1）预测模型对河南省未来十年粮食产量的影响因素进行预测,建立了NSGM（1,N）预测模型并对河南省粮食产量进行了预测。最终得出科技因素对河南省粮食产量的影响较大,并拟合出河南省2021—2030年的粮食产量呈现平稳增长趋势。

中药多糖提取物中常含有多种色素而颜色变深,影响多糖活性和分子结构的鉴定。本文综述了常用多糖脱色方法如生物法、活性炭法、过氧化氢法、树脂吸附法等的研究进展,并对未来中药多糖脱色除杂工艺进行了展望。

华航香银针属感温型常规稻、香型丝苗米品种,因其具米质优、口感好、香味浓等特点,深受消费者青睐。通过连续多造栽培研究试验,总结出“苗足肥足、科学控水”高产栽培和病虫绿色防控配套技术,其干谷产量达9 295 kg/hm²,实现了稳产高产和农药减量。该品种熟期适中,丰产性能好,抗逆性强,抗稻瘟病,在丝苗米系列品种中具有明显的比较优势,推广应用前景广。本文总结了华航香银针品种的种植表现及绿色高产栽培技术,为该品种的种植推广提供参考。

The paeoniflorin content in the root of Paeonia lactiflora in different years (1, 2, 3, 4), and the paeoniflorin content in the root of Paeonia lactiflora in different periods of the same year (germination, leaf expansion, flowering, fruit maturity, late withering) were determined to determine the best harvest year and the best harvest time. At the same time, according to the standards provided in the 2015 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the quality evaluation of paeonia rubra in the nursery of Bayantohai Town, Ewenke Banner was made. The results showed that the content of paeoniflorin was the highest at the age of 4 years, 3.07%; The paeoniflorin content in the root was the highest at the late stage of withering in the same year, which was 3.34%. Therefore, the harvesting year and time of Paeonia lactiflora root are 4 years old and late withering respectively.

每年9月中旬至10月下旬是安徽农作物收获的时段,秸秆焚烧现象较为普遍。监测人员现场调查可获取秸秆焚烧地点和焚烧程度,但监测规模和力度有限,无法大范围获取焚烧现场状况,从而无法进行有效的治理。卫星遥感技术能够迅速获取大范围的秸秆焚烧火点位置,可对近期秸秆焚烧火点增加情况进行了解,具体分布情况进行分析比对。本文基于MODIS提供的热异常数据以及MCD12Q1土地覆盖数据,通过MRT、ENVI遥感图像处理软件首先对原始数据进行格式转换和投影转换的操作,使其具备投影信息,并将热异常数据和土地覆盖数据转换为同一投影同一基准面下,然后再提取火点和农用地信息,并将两者信息求交集得出最终结果。从而动态监测秸秆焚烧火点的位置信息,便于实施合理高效的禁烧政策。

以化学农药为主的防治手段长期存在于烟草黑胫病的防控过程中,由此导致的烟草品种抗性衰退、病菌抗药性增强、烟叶农残积累等问题,严重威胁着烟叶产品的质量安全。本文从预测预报、农业防治、生物防治、抗病品种选育4个方面概述了烟草黑胫病绿色防控措施的特点和应用发展,以期为烟草绿色防控特别是烟草黑胫病的有效防治提供参考。

高标准农田建设是国家粮食安全、乡村振兴、农业高质量发展的重要抓手, 自2011年以来, 贵州省毕节市高标准农田建设已历经12年。本文介绍了毕节市高标准农田建设工作进展, 总结了工作经验和取得的成效, 分析了高标准农田建设中存在的问题, 并提出了相应的对策建议。

Ecological vulnerability is the sensitive response and self-recovery ability of ecosystems relative to external disturbances at specific spatial and temporal scales, and it is an inherent attribute of ecosystems. The existing research areas, research methods including model simulation method, comprehensive index evaluation method, geographic information system and spatial analysis technology and research contents of ecological vulnerability were summarized respetivly, to provide a reference for clarifying the current research status and research trends of the dynamic evolution of ecological vulnerability in a typical region. It was found that there were situations such as insufficient theoretical foundations, insufficient consistency of evaluation indexes, the need for further improvement of research methods, and the need to expand the research areas in the current research on ecological vulnerability. Thus, it is of great importance to enhance the discussion on the study of ecological vulnerability, further expand the direction and content of research, and improve the quality and level of research to protect the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development.

In order to research the impact of collision lead to the fruit quality variation of strawberry due to mechanized harvesting, transportation and other processes. This essay collected the 'Benihoppe' strawberry M-grade middle fruit as the plant material. Fruits dropped from 0（CK group）, 20, 30 and 40 cm to different contact surface materials（including wood, EPE plate, and rubber plate）in free fall mode, respectively. The results showed that the damaged area and weight loss rate of strawberry fruits falling from 20 cm onto the EPE plate were similar to the CK group, with the slowest decrease in content of soluble solid and vitamin C. The content of soluble solid and CAT enzyme activity of all treatment groups presented the trend was increased firstly and then decreased. While the injury time prolonged, the content of MDA showed an upward trend. And the strawberry fruits falling onto the EPE plate at 20 cm being closest to the CK group. According to the results, height of strawberries falling during picking should be less than 20 cm, and the EPE plate is better. This study may provide a basis for the mechanized harvesting of strawberries in the later stage.

本文以新疆喀什某驴养殖场一起多发性病例说明驴妊娠毒血症的预防与治疗方法,为养殖户、合作社及基层兽医提供技术参考。

Explored the feasibility of using earthworm manure as a cultivation substrate to reduce the use of peat, provided a reference for the efficient utilization of earthworm manure and biochar. This experiment used strawberry seedlings as the main material, combined with facility three-dimensional soilless cultivation technology, and set up five different substrate formulas, including peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (CK); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₁); peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₂); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₃); grass Charcoal: earthworm feces: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 1∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% biochar (Q₄) was added in a volume ratio, to determine the effects of each formula substrate on the growth and reproduction of strawberry plants.The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of earthworm manure to the biochar substrate did not affect the survival of strawberry seedlings, but could promote the growth of plant height, stem thickness, crown width, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area; Earthworm manure could increase the chlorophyll content of strawberry leaves, thereby promoting plant photosynthesis and promoting the reproduction of strawberry seedlings.Overall, the volume ratio of peat, earthworm manure, vermiculite, and perlite, along with the addition of a certain amount of biochar, could be promoted and applied as a substrate for strawberry cultivation.The experimental results provided a reference for earthworm manure replacing peat as a new raw material for soilless cultivation composite substrate.

近年来,皖北地区白术种植经济效益较好,部分地区群众生产积极性较高,由于种植区域相对稳定,导致重茬现象严重。该文从白术来源、分布、适宜的生长环境条件、人工栽培技术、重茬的原因及解决对策进行了初步分析,以期为其在皖北地区种植提供参考。

为筛选出适合稻虾连作综合种养模式中的杂交中籼稻品种,本研究对臻两优钰占等13个中籼杂交稻品种进行展示比较试验,考察其丰产性和适应性。结果表明,在研究区试验基地中,品种玮两优1019、隆两优1212的产量较高,生育期适中;2个品种均属于多穗型品种,穗型中等、分蘖能力强、株型紧凑、整齐度好且耐肥抗倒、抗病性强、适应性好,有明显的增产优势,综合性状表现好,可作为稻虾连作综合种养模式的虾后稻进行推广种植。

高校是培育综合性人才的主要阵地,承担着让大学生深刻认识到积极参与乡村建设工作、为乡村振兴全面实施提供优秀人才的社会责任。本文以风景园林设计初步课程为案例,将课程改革与服务乡村建设相融合,分析风景园林设计初步课程更好地服务乡村建设的多种方式,为高校园林设计类课程在乡村建设中的应用提供支持。

高等院校农学院系农学专业调研对于农业类高素质人才的培养和培育新兴涉农学科专业课程等具有非常重要的意义。高等院校农学院系开设农学专业调研课程既符合乡村振兴、农业农村现代化建设的时代课题,也满足构建多类型农业人才培养的实践要求。本文以贵州大学农学系为例,从农学专业调研课程开设的背景、人才培养目标、教学要求、教学内容等方面进行论述,为农学专业课程教学改革提出合理化建议。

该文以2021年12月成立的安徽金寨西河大鲵省级自然保护区为研究对象,通过分析得出原金寨县大鲵自然保护区存在范围面积过大,难以科学划界;人为活动频繁,矛盾冲突加剧;机构人员缺失,无法实际管理等历史遗留问题,提出了设立管理机构,配备专业力量;开展勘界立标,科学界定功能区;加强高校合作,提升科研实力;积极宣传教育,提升保护意识等建议,以期为大鲵自然保护区的健康有序发展提供参考。

The specialty of agricultural intelligent equipment engineering is an emerging specialty that deeply integrates agricultural engineering, agricultural mechanization and automation with the new generation of information technology. As an engineering major in agricultural modernization services, it is committed to cultivating high-quality innovative agricultural science and technology talents with the sentiment of "knowing, loving, and prospering agriculture", and mastering interdisciplinary knowledge of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering, automatic control science, and engineering. This major can provide talent protection and intellectual support for promoting rural revitalization and sustainable development of the agricultural machinery industry. On the basis of analyzing the core elements of cultivating agricultural intelligent equipment talents, this paper proposes talent cultivation strategies such as constructing a multidisciplinary and integrated curriculum system, establishing a virtual entity based agricultural intelligent equipment innovation practice system, and promoting scientific and technological innovation competitions through school-enterprise cooperation, providing certain ideas for the construction of engineering and agricultural related professionals.

沿淮柳编作为非物质文化遗产,对淮河流域文化传承和经济发展发挥着重要作用。本文介绍了我国柳编的分布及发展概况,分析了沿淮柳编产业的发展现状及存在的问题,并对柳编产业发展进行了展望,为沿淮柳编产业发展提供参考。